Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) is used to investigate the abundance pattern, n(z)(m) of poly-(ethyleneglycol) (PEG) electrosprayed from water/methanol as a function of mass and charge state. We examine n(z)(m) patterns from a diversity of solution cations, primarily dimethylammonium and triethylammonium. The ability of PEG chains to initially attach to various cations in the spraying c...

Strategic management of crop residues is essential to enhance soil quality for sustainable agriculture. However, little known about the specific amounts needed improve characteristics which are key develop economic plans. In this study, we investigated effects applying residue at five rates, including 100% (R100), 75% (R75), 50% (R50), 25% (R25), and 0% (R0), on wheat yield properties. Field ex...

TMV-A-Protein, Sedimentation Velocity, Light-Scattering, Twoand Three-Layer Aggregates, Size Distribution The composition of the A-protein of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) has been investigated by se­ dimentation velocity, light-scattering, spectroscopic methods, and thermodynamic calculations, at concentrations from 5 to 20 mg/ml, at temperatures from 7 to 26 °C, at various pH and buffer conditio...

The soil degradation caused by conventional tillage in rain-fed areas of northwest China is known to reduce the water-use efficiency and crop yield because of reduced soil porosity and the decreased availability of soil water and nutrients. Thus, we investigated the effects of straw incorporation on soil aggregates with different straw incorporation rates in semiarid areas of southern Ningxia f...

Recently, it was shown that the spectral graph theory is exceptionally useful for understanding not only morphological structural differences in ion aggregates but also similarities between an ion network and a water H-bonding network in highly concentrated salt solutions. Here, we present spectral graph analysis results on osmolyte aggregates and water H-bonding network structures in aqueous r...

A new type of levitating droplet cluster composed often transforming small aggregates water droplets is described for the first time. Unlike earlier observed clusters controlled by aerodynamic forces, which formed either an ordered hexagonal structure or a chain structure, under consideration has hierarchical organization. Small groups closely spaced packed with interactions electrostatic force...

Apoptosis signaling through CD95 (Fas/APO-1) involves aggregation and clustering of the receptor followed by its actin-dependent internalization. Internalization is required for efficient formation of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC) with maximal recruitment of FADD, caspase-8/10 and c-FLIP occurring when the receptor has reached an endosomal compartment. The first detectable event d...

This paper explores the determinants of alternative monetary aggregates in Euroland. A sample consisting of quarterly data covering the 1980:1–1998:4 period is considered. We are interested whether a conventionally defined money demand equation is stable in some aggregates as opposed to others. Both long-run and short-run relationships are considered in this paper. Overall, the results indicate...

An experimental study was conducted to investigate the structural stability of ethylene glycol-based titanium dioxide nanoparticle suspensions (nanofluids) prepared by two-step method. The effects of particle concentration, fluid temperature, shear rate and shear duration were examined. Particle size and thermal conductivity measurements in quiescent state indicated the existence of aggregates ...

The presumptive altered dynamics of transient molecular interactions in vivo contributing to neurodegenerative diseases have remained elusive. Here, using single-molecule localization microscopy, we show that disease-inducing Huntingtin (mHtt) protein fragments display three distinct dynamic states in living cells - 1) fast diffusion, 2) dynamic clustering and 3) stable aggregation. Large, stab...