We study the joint determination of fund managers’ contracts and equilibrium asset prices. Because of agency frictions, investors make managers’ fees more sensitive to performance and benchmark performance against a market index. This makes managers unwilling to deviate from the index and exacerbates price distortions. Because trading against overvaluation exposes managers to greater risk of de...

This paper reviews topics in price theory such as rational choice, Walrasian equilibria, complete and incomplete markets, externalities and nonmarket goods, strategic pricing with complete and incomplete information, and some behavioral anomalies. Contains index.

selection of appropriate strategies is one of the important principles to achieve profitability in the business models. one of the most important of these strategies, is use of appropriate pricing strategies in order to have the correct and satisfy product pricing process, the factors that affect pricing should be identify and control. plc as organizational factors affecting group is of the mai...

to study the effects of soil amendments on physical and hydraulic properties of a saline-sodic sandy clay loam soil, a field experiment was carried out as a complete block design with three replications. the treatments in this research consisted of control (b), 10 ton ha-1 gypsum (g), 10 ton ha-1 urban solid compost (c), three levels of vinyl alcohol acrylic acid (s1= 0.05%, s2= 0.1%, s3= 0.2%)...

the option-pricing problem is always an important part in modern finance. assuming that the stock diffusion is a constant, some literature has introduced many stock models and given corresponding option pricing formulas within the framework of the uncertainty theory. in this paper, we propose a new stock model with uncertain stock diffusion for uncertain markets. some option pricing formulas on...

volume indicates. Index options give market participants the ability to participate in anticipated market movements without having to buy or sell a large number of securities, and they permit portfolio managers to limit downside risk. Given their prominence and functions, the pricing efficiency of these markets is of great importance to academics, practitioners , and regulators. Well-functionin...