Using a randomized evaluation in Kenya, we measure health impacts of spring protection, an investment that improves source water quality. We also estimate households' valuation of spring protection and simulate the welfare impacts of alternatives to the current system of common property rights in water, which limits incentives for private investment. Spring infrastructure investments reduce fec...

2014 Mössbauer experiments have been performed on Nafion ion exchange membranes neutralized with iron chloride. The recoilless fraction falls to zero at a temperature which depends on the water content, showing that the rigidity of the local ion environment is greatly influenced by the amount of water retained in these membranes. Two different iron sites are defined, whose relative intensities ...

Agricultural waste fibers have been found to be suitable as reinforcement in cement-based composites, but studies on oil palm fiber as reinforcement in gypsum-cement wall panels are scarce. A mixture of two equal weights of gypsum and cement, with water-binder ratios of 0.45 and 0.55 were prepared. In each mix a varying percentage of fiber contents of 2%, 3% and 4% by weight of the binders were...

background : falls are important causes of mortality and morbidity in urban areas and put a high burden on societies. we investigated patterns of fall traumas and related factors in a referral trauma hospital in tehran, iran. methods: in this routine-data-based study, all documents of fall cases in hazrate-rasool hospital, tehran, iran, during october 2014-2015 were investigated. information on...

agricultural waste fibers have been found to be suitable as reinforcement in cement-based composites, but studies on oil palm fiber as reinforcement in gypsum-cement wall panels are scarce. a mixture of two equal weights of gypsum and cement, with water-binder ratios of 0.45 and 0.55 were prepared. in each mix a varying percentage of fiber contents of 2%, 3% and 4% by weight of the binders were...

Quantifying the spatial extent, location and habitat associations of invasive tree species is critical to predict their future spread prioritise areas for management. Species–environment relationship analyses are useful tools understanding predicting potential geographical distribution these species; however, such require rigorous extensive data about presence and, crucially, area surveyed. Her...

conclusions the hindi version of the abc scale demonstrated acceptable measurement properties, showing that abc-h can be used for assessing balance confidence in hindi-speaking, community-dwelling indian older adults. it can be an assessment tool either for clinical management or research. results the normative value of abc-h total score observed in the indian older population (n = 100) was 71%...

In the Colorado State University general circulation model, cumulus detrainment of cloud water and cloud ice has been, up to now, the only direct coupling between convective and large-scale condensation processes. This one-way interaction from the convective to the large-scale environment parameterizes, in a highly simplified manner, the growth of anvils spreading horizontally at the tops of na...