Context. Complex organic molecules have been detected in massive hot cores for over two decades, and only recently in three hot corinos (the inner regions surrounding Sun-like protostars, where the dust temperature exceeds 100 K). Since hot corinos have sizes of ∼100 AU (i.e., of the order of the extent of the Solar System), it is particularly relevant to understand whether they are common and ...

Magnetic reconnection, a change of magnetic field connectivity, is a fundamental physical process in which magnetic energy is released explosively, and it is responsible for various eruptive phenomena in the universe. However, this process is difficult to observe directly. Here, the magnetic topology associated with a solar reconnection event is studied in three dimensions using the combined pe...

Background: Advanced oxidation processes are used to remove toxic aromatic compounds with low biodegradability, such as 2-chlorophenol. This study investigates the use of Sulfate (SO4-) and persulfate (S2O82-) radicals, as one of the advanced oxidation methods, to remove 2- chlorophenol from aquatic solutions. Materials and Methods: This experimental and pilot-scale study was carried out usi...

after prolonged periods of quiet upright posture (such as standing in a queue, standing in a shower, or even sitting for long periods), after being in a warm environment (such as in hot summer weather, a hot crowded room, a hot shower/ bath), immediately after exercise after emotionally stressful events after eating, when blood flow has shifted to the gut during the process of digestion.

OBJECTIVE A significant metabolic derangement occurs in the ischaemic-reperfused heart of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery using cold blood cardioplegia. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether this effect could be reversed by complementing cold blood cardioplegia with a short terminal exposure of warm blood hyperkalaemic cardioplegia ('hot shot'). METHODS Th...

In this chapter we describe how elements have been and are still being formed in the galaxy and how they are transformed into the reservoir of materials present in protostellar environments. We discuss the global cycle of matter from stars, where nucleosynthesis produces heavy elements that are ejected through explosions and winds into the interstellar medium (ISM), through the formation and ev...