After the First World War, disabled British veterans returned home to an uncertain future of work. In addition to voluntary efforts, the government's response to the national employment crisis - the National Scheme for Disabled Ex-Servicemen (commonly known as the King's Roll) - was established in 1919 to encourage employers to hire a five per cent quota of disabled ex-servicemen. Historians ha...

Thermal injury historically constitutes approximately 5% to 20% of conventional warfare casualties. This article reviews medical planning for burn care during war in Iraq and experience with burns during the war at the US Army Burn Center; aboard the USNS Comfort hospital ship; and at Combat Support Hospitals in Iraq and in Afghanistan. Two burn surgeons were deployed to the military hospital i...

Burns are common in all military conflicts, comprising approximately 10% of all casualties. Of these, nearly 20% are categorized as severe, or involving greater than 20% TBSA, and require significant intravenous resuscitation. A unique set of challenges have emerged during the present conflict associated with global evacuation of burned soldiers, adding a new dimension to the alreadycomplex and...

Vascular injuries caused by civilian or war trauma represent a surgical challenge. These lesions are potentially lethal and can cause death at the scene. One of the most fascinating and misdiagnosed complications of vascular injuries is the arteriovenous fistula (AVF), which results from a direct communication between an artery and a vein. They are usually secondary to penetrating trauma and oc...

As long as our country has been involved in war, men and women have sacrificed life and limb serving this great nation in the pursuit of freedom. The unwavering commitment to enter battle comes with a trust in their fellow soldier and the peace of mind that in the event of injury, our great nation will provide the very best for our veterans. The Departments of Veterans Affairs (VA) and Defense ...

Modern war wounds are complex and primarily involve extremities. They require multiple operative interventions to achieve wound closure and begin rehabilitation. Current assessment of the suitability of surgical wound closure is based upon subjective methods coupled with a semiquantitative determination of the wound bacterial burden. Measurement of the systemic and local response to injury usin...

The notion of a game seems to conjure up a vision of light-hearted contestants engaged in the pleasant pursuit of recreation. While some human games have this quality, animal contests do not. Often, combatants inflict severe injury. Certainly in contests between countries, war is a less desirable form of “conflict resolution”, compared to the more peaceful solution of diplomacy. Are there analo...

The demand for large-scale analysis and research of data on trauma from modern warfare is increasing day by day, but the amount existing not sufficient to meet such demand. In this study, an integrated modeling approach incorporating a war severity scoring algorithm (WTSS) deep neural networks (DNN) proposed. First, proposed WTSS, which uses multiple non-linear regression based characteristics ...

This paper summarizes the impact that wars had on the history of nephrology, both worldwide and in the Ghent Medical Faculty notably on the definition, research and clinical aspects of acute kidney injury. The paper briefly describes the role of 'trench nephritis' as observed both during World War I and II, supporting the hypothesis that many of the clinical cases could have been due to Hantavi...

The authors examined heterogeneity in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom presentation among veterans (n = 335) participating in the clinical interview subsample of the National Vietnam Veterans Readjustment Study. Latent class analysis was used to identify clinically homogeneous subgroups of Vietnam War combat veterans. Consistent with previous research, three classes emerged from the...