Most current statistical methods developed for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) based on inbred line designs apply to crosses from two inbred lines. Analysis of QTL in these crosses is restricted by the parental genetic differences between lines. Crosses from multiple inbred lines or multiple families are common in plant and animal breeding programmes, and can be used to increase the effic...

A variety V has an alg-universal n-expansion if the addition of n nullary operations to algebras from V produces an alg-universal category. It is proved that any semigroup variety V containing a semigroup that is neither an inflation of a completely simple semigroup nor an inflation of a semilattice of groups has an alg-universal 3-expansion. We say that a variety V is var-relatively alg-univer...

and Applied Analysis 3 for all x1, . . . , x2n ∈ V if and only if the odd mapping f : V → W is Cauchy additive, that is, f ( x y ) f x f ( y ) , 2.2 for all x, y ∈ V . Proof. Assume that f : V → W satisfies 2.1 . Letting x1 · · · xn x, xn 1 · · · x2n y in 2.1 , we get nf ( x − x y 2 ) nf ( y − x y 2 ) nf x nf ( y ) − 2nf ( x y 2 ) , 2.3 for all x, y ∈ V . Since f : V → W is odd, 0 nf x nf ( y )...

For a conditional expectation E on a (unital) C*-algebra A there exists a real number K ≥ 1 such that the mapping K · E − idA is positive if and only if there exists a real number L ≥ 1 such that the mapping L ·E − idA is completely positive, among other equivalent conditions. The estimate (min K) ≤ (min L) ≤ (min K)[min K] is valid, where [·] denotes the integer part of a real number. As a con...

Suppose that G is a nite simple graph and w is a weight function which assigns to each vertex of G a nonnegative real number. Let C be a circle of length t. A t-circular coloring of (G; w) is a mapping of the vertices of G to arcs of C such that (x)\(y) = if xy 2 E (G) and (x) has length w(x). The circular-chromatic number of (G; w) is the least t for which there is a t-circular coloring of (G;...

and Applied Analysis 3 in the middle variable, and associative in the sense that x, y, z,w, v x, w, z, y , v x, y, z , w, v , and satisfies ‖ x, y, z ‖ ≤ ‖x‖ · ‖y‖ · ‖z‖ and ‖ x, x, x ‖ ‖x‖ see 45, 47 . Every left Hilbert C∗-module is a C∗-ternary algebra via the ternary product x, y, z : 〈x, y〉z. If a C∗-ternary algebra A, ·, ·, · has an identity, that is, an element e ∈ A such that x x, e, e ...

Over the last decade, methods of web corpus construction and the evaluation of web corpora have been actively researched. Prominently, the WaCky initiative has provided both theoretical results and a set of web corpora for selected European languages. We present a software toolkit for web corpus construction and a set of siginificantly larger corpora (up to over 9 billion tokens) built using th...

A basic topic in mining of massive dataset is finding similar items. As an example, finding similar documents can be recommended. In this case many methods are existed. For example, Shingling method and length based filtering are one of them. In Shingling method, from each document, substrings have been selected with symbol name and, they are placed on one set. For finding similar documents, th...

Trope theory is the view that the world is a world of abstract particular qualities. But if all there is are tropes, how do we account for the truth of propositions ostensibly made true by some concrete particular? A common answer is that concrete particulars are nothing but tropes in compresence. This answer seems vulnerable to an argument (first presented by F. H. Bradley) according to which ...

by Bradley Dean Winters, Ph.D. Washington State University December 2012