The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that high-intensity hypoxic training improves sea-level performances more than equivalent training in normoxia. Sixteen well-trained collegiate and Masters swimmers (10 women, 6 men) completed a 5-wk training program, consisting of three high-intensity training sessions in a flume and supplemental low- or moderate-intensity sessions in a po...

We acquired (31)P-MRS data from skeletal muscle of subjects of mixed gender and ethnicity, combined with a panel of physiological characteristics, and tested several long-standing hypotheses regarding relationships between muscle cell biochemistry and whole-body physiology with unusually high statistical power. We hypothesized that i) whole-body VO(2)max would correlate with muscle respiratory ...

BACKGROUND Brisk walking has been identified as an activity suited to meet American College of Sport Medicine/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations for moderate intensity exercise (55-69% HR(max), 40-59% VO(2)R). However, little is known about whether recreational walkers self-select a pace which elicits this intensity and how they interpret the term "brisk walking." METH...

PURPOSE This study investigated the effect of non-linear periodization strength training on basic and professional fitness national cross-country skiers.METHODS The body composition (height, weight, BMI, fat %), physical (grip strength, lung capacity), anaerobic power (peak power, average power), graded exercise test (maximum heart rate, running time, VO<sub>2</sub>max, lactic acid)...

The restorative capacities of a high carbohydrate-protein (CHO-PRO) beverage containing electrolytes and a traditional 6% carbohydrate-electrolyte sports beverage (SB) were assessed after glycogen-depleting exercise. Postexercise ingestion of the CHO-PRO beverage, in comparison with the SB, resulted in a 55% greater time to exhaustion during a subsequent exercise bout at 85% maximum oxygen cons...

We examined the net catabolism of two pools of glycogen, proglycogen (PG) and macroglycogen (MG), in human skeletal muscle during exercise. Male subjects (n = 21) were assigned to one of three groups. Group 1 exercised 45 min at 70% maximal O(2) uptake (VO(2 max)) and had muscle biopsies at rest, 15 min, and 45 min. Group 2 exercised at 85% VO(2 max) to exhaustion (45.4 +/- 3.4 min) and had bio...

BACKGROUND UK fire services have differing practices relating to the use of a cardiorespiratory fitness standard as a selection criterion for recruits. AIMS To establish whether a reduction in, or elimination of, a defined cardiorespiratory standard for firefighter recruitment impacted on a number of occupational and health-related outcomes. METHODS Data were collected on firefighter recrui...

There is clear evidence regarding the health benefits of physical activity. These benefits follow a dose-response relationship with a particular respect to exercise intensity. Guidelines for exercise testing and prescription have been established to provide optimal standards for exercise training. A wide range of intensities is used to prescribe exercise, but this approach is limited. Usually p...

BACKGROUND Increased aerobic capacity can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease and the mortality rate. On the other hand, a prolonged heart rate corrected-QT (QTc) interval is associated with an increased risk of arrhythmias, cardiac sudden death and coronary artery disease. AIMS The association of the aerobic capacity and coronary risk factors with QTc interval was investigated in ...

This paper examines the size, strength, and aerobic fitness of players from a professional hockey team. Beginning in 1917, data on body size were obtained from historical records of the Montreal Canadiens. Body composition, strength, and VO2 max were obtained through physiological testing of Canadiens players between 1981 and 2003. Compared with players in the 1920s and 1930s, current players w...