The aim of the paper was to further explore the complementarity of the working memory models postulated by Pascual-Leone and Baddeley. Five-, six-, eight-, and nine-year-old children were assessed on two working memory tasks that have frequently been used within the respective streams of research: the Mr. Peanut task and the Corsi blocks task. Results indicated a developmental increase in spati...

STUDY OBJECTIVE Working memory deficits in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) have been reported in previous studies, but the results were inconclusive. This study tried to address this issue by delineating working memory functions into executive processes and storage/maintenance components based on Baddeley's working memory model. METHODS Working memory and basic attention tasks wer...

Research has shown that white noise may have a positive impact on cognitive performance, among individuals who exhibit a change in their dopaminergic levels, through the phenomenon of stochastic resonance. The aim of this study was to examine lateralization effects of white noise exposure during a verbal memory task and a visuo-spatial working memory task within two age groups. The hypothesis w...

While studies on temporal information processing traditionally focused on psychophysical aspects,1 more recent work on temporal information processing has concentrated on cognitive aspects such as memory and attention. Two main models of temporal information processing have evolved: ‘storage size’ models consider subjective sensation of duration to be a by-product of general information process...

In previous research, Toms, Morris, and Ward (1993) have shown that conditional reasoning is impaired by a concurrent task calling on executive functions but not by concurrent tasks that load on the slave systems of the working memory system as conceptualised by Baddeley and Hitch (1974). The present article replicates and extends this previous work by studying problems based on spatial as well...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of cigarette smoking in patients with different psychiatric disorders is higher than that in the general population, which is partly explained by the pro-cognitive effect of smoking on cognitive functions. In subjects with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), the prevalence of smokers is lower than that in other psychiatric disorders. We hypothesized that cigarette smo...

It is shown that visuo-spatial working memory is better characterized as processes operating on sensory information (visual appearance) and on spatial location (environmental coordinates) in a distributed network than as unitary slave system. Results from passive (short-term) and active memory tasks (imagery) disclose the properties (capacity, content) and the components of this network. The pr...

This research investigates the role of different memory components in the age-related decline of new route learning. Few studies have considered real route learning, for which the situation can be more complex, and the richness greater than with simple mazes. In this experiment, the memory of a route in a real city has been assessed considering visual scene recognition, directions recognition, ...