A Doppler lidar observation of an inertio-gravity wave in the mid-latitude lower stratosphere is presented. The wave packet characteristics (vertical and horizontal wavenumbers, intrinsic and apparent frequencies) are inferred from the analysis of the hodograph of the horizontal wind fluctuations. Those parameters are used as initial conditions for the calculation of the wave packet trajectory ...

The variability of cross-shore thermally driven exchange was examined using ensemble-averages of observations from the Kilo Nalu Observatory on the south shore of Oahu Hawaii. The crossshore vertical shear, δVz, top-bottom temperature difference, ∆Tz, and cross-shore advective heat flux, Qex, were analyzed to evaluate the influence of the surface heat flux, the cross-shore wind and the M2 tide ...

A novel technique is presented that makes it feasible to measure the viscous shear stress τμ from active thermography. With a CO2 laser, patterns are written to the sea surface. This temperature structure is distorted by the velocity profile in the viscous boundary layer. Due to the non-zero penetration depth of both the laser and the infrared camera, this vertical velocity profile can be resol...