Introduction: Impact craters containing central pits are rare on dry bodies like the Moon but common on Mars and the icy moons of the outer solar system. Impact into and vaporization of subsurface volatiles is the probable cause of central pit formation [1, 2]. Vi-king-based studies of central pit craters on Mars found regional distributions of these craters, with an apparent preference for the...

Irritated hyperhidrotic soles with multiple small pits are pathognomonic for pitted keratolysis (PK). Here we show the dermatoscopic view of typical pits that can ensure the diagnosis. PK is a plantar infection caused by Gram-positive bacteria, particularly Corynebacterium. Increases in skin surface pH, hyperhidrosis, and prolonged occlusion allow these bacteria to proliferate. The diagnosis is...

Earlier we reported, in this journal, that the pits generated in CR-39 detectors during Pd/D co-deposition experiments are consistent with those observed for pits that are of a nuclear origin. Recently, that interpretation has been challenged. In this communication, additional experimental data and further analysis of our earlier results are provided that support our original conclusions. PACS....

[1] A recent expedition to the equatorial Pacific surveyed over 60,000 km of seafloor using swath map imaging and high-resolution seismic profiling. This survey revealed the common occurrence of large pits in the biogenic sediments that are usually associated with basement highs. The pits range in size up to a few kilometers across and are on the order of 50 m – 100 m deep. They were found on s...

We have previously derived seven requirements for the formulation of effective stain etchants and have demonstrated that Fe3+, Ce4+, and VO2+ + HF solutions are highly effective at producing nanocrystalline porous silicon. Here, we show that Cl2, Br2, I2, ClO3-, BrO3-, IO3-, I-, and I3- induce etching of silicon when added to HF. However, using the strict definition that a pore is deeper than i...

Circular-parabolic pits occur commonly on the endoskeletal remains of certain Paleozoic crinoids. Detailed study of several hundred specimens, representing about 30 pelmatozoan species from the Upper Silurian Rochester Shale of New York and Ontario, reveals that such pits occur exclusively in seven species of crinoids. Furthermore, there are consistent differences in the morphology and orientat...

A virtual instrumentation (VI) system called VI localized corrosion image analyzer (LCIA) based on LabVIEW 2010 was developed allowing rapid automatic and subjective error-free determination of the pits number on large sized corroded specimens. The VI LCIA controls synchronously the digital microscope image taking and its analysis, finally resulting in a map file containing the coordinates of t...

two laboratory and greenhouse experiments were carried out to compare and evaluate the nutrition of phaseolus vulgaris l. plant with foliar spray and root media. in laboratory, effect of four treatments; n- nutrition solution; urban solid waste leachate (uswl); vermi-compost extract and control (distilled water) on germination and seeding growth of phaseolus vulgaris l. was examined for 10 days...