BACKGROUND Drugs with negative inotropic effect are widely used to decrease obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, the mechanism of therapeutic benefit has not been studied. METHODS AND RESULTS We used M-mode, two-dimensional, and pulsed Doppler echocardiography to study 11 patients with obstructive HCM before and after medical elimination of left ventricular outflow tract...

BACKGROUND Left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction and paravalvular leak (PVL) are relatively uncommon, but are serious complications of prosthetic valve replacement. CASE PRESENTATION We present a case that displays the unique therapeutic challenges of treating a patient who developed both LVOT obstruction and mitral PVL after undergoing surgical aortic and mitral valve replacement...

Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common malformation of children born with cyanotic heart disease, with an incidence of approximately 10 per cent of congenital heart disease. There can be a wide spectrum as to the severity of the anatomic defects, which include ventricular septal defect, aortic override, right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, and right ventricular hypertrophy. Cyanosis may...

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the commonest congenital cyanotic heart disorder, accounting for 5–6 % of them [1]. It is characterized by a large ventricular septal defect, right ventricular outflow tract obstruction, right ventricular hypertrophy, and aorta overriding the interventricular septum. Most patients with TOF undergo reparative surgery in childhood. TOF with pulmonary atresia is the ex...

One hundred and thiry-four patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy were evaluated by standard 12-lead electrocardiography. Normal electrocardiograms were extremely uncommon, occurring in less than 7% of each subgroup of patients (i.e., those with or without either symptoms or obstruction to left ventricular outflow), with the exception of those who were both asymptomatic and had no left ventr...

OBJECTIVE Preliminary assessment of the use of stents for palliative relief of right ventricular infundibular stenosis as an alternative to palliative surgical ventricular outflow enlargement. DESIGN Descriptive clinical study. PATIENTS Four patients with right ventricular outflow obstruction, aged between 2 and 15 years. One had had previous palliative surgery for pulmonary atresia, one ha...

conclusions children with chd are at risk of severe complications with the involvement of other organs. long-term febrile illness should be taken seriously in these children. they need hospitalization and careful evaluation. case presentation a 6-year-old girl with a ventricular septal defect (vsd) was presented. echocardiography revealed large vegetation in the right ventricular outflow tract ...

It is now well established that there are two fundamentally distinct types of obstruction to left ventricular outflow, the first resulting from a discrete, fixed narrowing at a valvular, supravalvular, or subvalvular level, and the second being produced by muscular hypertrophy in the left ventricular outflow tract. A number of designations, including obstructive cardiomyopathy (Goodwin et al., ...

Both surgical myectomy and percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation are effective treatments for drug-refractory symptomatic hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM). However, in some cases, it is not easy to elucidate the abnormal structure of left ventricular outflow obstruction to adopt these treatments. Here, we presented a young female patient with drug-refractory symptom...