abstract background: secretions contaminated with oral, nasal, and gastric bacteria accumulate in the subglottic space, above the endotracheal tube cuff. if these secretions are aspirated into lower airways, the intubated patient will be susceptible to ventilator‑associated pneumonia (vap). the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of inspiratory pause maneuver for intermittent subglo...

Noninvasive face mask ventilation has been used successfully in patients with paralytic respiratory failure. This study evaluated whether noninvasive face mask ventilation can be used for patients with acute respiratory failure due to intrinsic lung disease. Six patients with hypercapnia and four with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure met clinical and objective criteria for mechanical ventila...

In an effort to reduce the complications related to invasive ventilation, the use of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) has increased over the last years in patients with acute respiratory failure. However, failure rates for NIV remain high in specific patient categories. Several studies have identified factors that contribute to NIV failure, including low experience of the medical team and patient-...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW One-lung ventilation in the thoracic surgical patient can be achieved with the use of a double-lumen endotracheal tube or an independent bronchial blocker. A number of patients requiring lung isolation have a potentially difficult airway because of previous radiation to the neck or previous surgery to the tongue and larynx. This review will focus on the management of patients ...

UNLABELLED Aerosol delivery of Iloprost is a promising therapeutic approach. The aim of this study was to determine the output of an ultrasonic nebulizer in different ventilation set-ups at the tip of different endotracheal tubes. METHOD In set-up A, an ultrasonic nebulizer was connected directly to the endotracheal tube. In set-up B, the nebulizer was incorporated into the inspiratory limb o...

BACKGROUND The ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA) may have advantages over the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in obese patients. We tested this hypothesis in a clinical setting. METHODS Sixty obese patients (BMI >30) were randomized to receive mechanical ventilation (tidal volume 7 ml kg(-1), PEEP 10 cm H(2)O), through either the PLMA or the LMA. A gastric tube was used in all patients. Cuff p...

Introduction: Although manufacturing defects related to airway equipment are not so common in practice, it risks the safety of the airway. Prompt recognition of equipment malfunction can prevent life threatening complications. Case Series: Case 1: A 25­year­old patient had anesthesia induction for septorhinoplasty surgery. After the patient was ventilated via mask and intubated without problem,...

The design of ventilation tubes or grommets is thought to have a considerable influence on their performance. A computational model (finite element method) was used to investigate the significance of four design parameters of a commonly used design of ventilation tube. The design parameters were: the length of the shaft, the diameter of the flanges, the thickness of the flanges, and the materia...

BACKGROUND Patients undergone mechanical ventilation need rapid and reliable evaluation of their respiratory status. Monitoring of End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) as a surrogate, noninvasive measurement of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2) is one of the methods used for this purpose in intubated patients. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present trial was to study the relationship between end-tidal C...

The anesthetic management of patients undergoing tracheoesophageal fistula repair often involves lung separation, usually selective bronchial intubation with a double-lumen endotracheal tube. However, in patients with airway fistulas arising below the tracheal lumen, selective lung ventilation and separation may require unusual methods of airway management. In the patient described in this repo...