background: an epidemiological study was carried out on the vector(s) and reservoir(s) of cutaneous leishmaniasis in rural areas of kalaleh district, golestan province during 2006 - 2007. methods: totally 4900 sand flies were collected using sticky papers and were subjected to molecular methods for de­tection of leishmanial parasite. results: phlebotomus papatasi was the common species in outdo...

there is growing evidence that lectin-carbohydrate interactions can mediate the infection of parasites to their insect vector. many insect species are host or vectors of protozoan or metazoan parasites that cause socially and economically important disease such as malaria and leishmaniasis. however, relatively little work has been undertaken concerning the interaction of insect immunity against...

the notion of generalized locally bounded $i$-topological vectorspaces is introduced. some of their important properties arestudied. the relationship between this kind of spaces and thelocally bounded $i$-topological vector spaces introduced by wu andfang [boundedness and locally bounded fuzzy topological vectorspaces, fuzzy math. 5 (4) (1985) 87$-$94] is discussed. moreover, wealso use the fam...

Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae is a causative agent of tick-borne encephalitis, which is usually transmitted by Ixodes persulcatus and I. ricinus ticks1. Based on the geographical prevalence, the TBEV is classified into three subtypes: European (TBEV-Eur), Siberian (TBEV-Sib), and Far-Eastern (TBEV-FE). The mortality rate for TBEV-Eur and TBEV-Sib subtype infections is relatively low (1–...

In this paper, some properties of  pseudoinvex functions, defined by means of  limiting subdifferential, are discussed. Furthermore, the Minty vector variational-like inequality,  the Stampacchia vector variational-like inequality, and the  weak formulations of these two inequalities  defined by means of limiting subdifferential are studied. Moreover, some relationships  between the vector vari...

We call a local vector lattice any vector lattice with a distinguished positive strong unit and having exactly one maximal ideal (its radical). We provide a short study of local vector lattices. In this regards, some characterizations of local vector lattices are given. For instance, we prove that a vector lattice with a distinguished strong unit is local if and only if it is clean with non no-...

During more than 50 years, a heterogeneous population of Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 (NAGs) exists in Rostov region Russia, whose representatives periodically cause acute human intestinal infections; the last case was registered 2018. In 2022, sick child again revealed Rostov, from whom 2 NAG subcultures were isolated. Aim study: bioinformatics analysis whole genome sequences (WGSs) 2022 cl...

Like the majority of the university establishments in the former USSR , Al Farabi university functions, for historical reasons, according to a very centralized model: this model imposes significant collections of information and permanent data exchanges which are done by heavy, complex procedures and often not very reliable. The absence of global views and management reports as well as slowness...

Arginine-phenylalanine-amide (RFamide)-related peptides known as neuropeptide VF (NPVF) have a crucial role in feeding regulation. The present study purposed to determine the effect of intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection NPVF on dietary intake and possible interactions with glutamate opioid systems broiler chicken. In experiment 1, chickens received ICV administration control solution, (16 ...