Endothelium-derived relaxing factor has been shown to regulate renal blood flow, and inhibition of its synthesis increases blood pressure and renal vascular resistance and decreases renal blood flow. Using the substrate antagonist NW-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), we tested whether renal vasoconstriction induced by endothelium-derived relaxing factor synthesis inhibition could be media...

Cardiopulmonary receptor control of the circulation is impaired in a variety of diseases having cardiac hypertrophy as a common feature. Whether this also occurs in the so-called "physiological" cardiac hypertrophy of the athlete, however, is unknown. We studied nine sedentary healthy subjects and 19 age-matched professional runners or hammer throwers who had trained at least 2 hours per day, 5...

In the present study, we investigated changes in mesenteric, renal, and hindquarter vascular resistance during the pressor response produced by bilateral carotid occlusion (BCO) in conscious, freely moving normal and denervated (aortic, carotid, or both) rats. BCO was performed using special previously implanted cuffs. In control normal rats, the increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) during ...

The acute effects of oral hydralazine, 1 mg/kg, on coronary vascular resistance, coronary blood flow (estimated using the coronary sinus thermodilution technique), and myocardial oxygen consumption were evaluated in 10 patients with chronic (New York Heart Association class III and IV) nonischemic congestive heart failure. Central hemodynamic responses demonstrated a modest decrease in mean art...

AGOSTONI, EMILIO, AND JOHANNES RIPER. Capillary pressure and distribution of vascular resistance in isolated lung. Am. J. Physiol. 202(6) : 1033-1036. I g62.-Isolated lobes of dogs’ lungs were perfused with constant nonpulsatile blood flow and expanded by negative external pressure. The pressure under which Ringer solution was absorbed through the visceral pleura was measured by an osmometric m...

BACKGROUND Augmentation index, a marker of central wave reflection, is influenced by age, sex, height, blood pressure, heart rate, and arterial stiffness. However, the detailed haemodynamic determinants of augmentation index, and their relations, remain uncertain. We examined the association of augmentation index with vascular resistance and other haemodynamic and non-haemodynamic factors. ME...

OBJECTIVE To study the short-term effects of inhaled nitric oxide in infants and young children with congenital heart disease. SETTING A supraregional referral centre for children with congenital heart disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS 22 infants and children aged 3-32 months (median age 5 months) with congenital heart disease undergoing preoperative cardiac catheterisation. All but one infant ...

We studied the reflex control of blood pressure, heart rate, and hindlimb vascular resistance by the carotid sinus baroreceptors in normal (N), experimental renal hypertensive (RH, one kidney renal wrap model), and medial sclerotic (MS) rabbits under urethane anaesthesia using an isolated perfused carotid sinus preparation and auto-perfused hindlimb. The contralateral carotid sinus was denervat...

OBJECTIVE To test the vasodilatory response of the pulmonary vascular bed in children with pulmonary hypertension. DESIGN Prospective dose response study in which the effects of inhaled nitric oxide (NO) are compared with those of oxygen and intravenous prostacyclin. PATIENTS AND INTERVENTIONS The vasodilator test was performed in 20 patients in whom mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAPm) wa...

Since there is an overall augmentation of sympathetic nervous activity in patients with congestive heart failure while adrenal medullary function is normal and neurotransmitter stores are diminished in the heart, investigation was directed to the functional status of adrenergic receptors and available norepinephrine stores in the peripheral vascular beds. Blood flow, determined plethysmographic...