The use of the mass term of the gauge field as a gauge fixing term, which was discussed by Zwanziger, Parrinello and Jona-Lasinio in a large mass limit, is related to the non-linear gauge by Dirac and Nambu. We have recently shown that this use of the mass term as a gauge fixing term is in fact identical to the conventional local Faddeev-Popov formula without taking a large mass limit, if one t...

The use of the mass term as a gauge fixing term has been studied by Zwanziger, Parrinello and Jona-Lasinio, which is related to the non-linear gauge Aμ = λ of Dirac and Nambu in the large mass limit. We have recently shown that this modified quantization scheme is in fact identical to the conventional local Faddeev-Popov formula without taking the large mass limit, if one takes into account the...

In this technical report we present a self-contained introduction to algorithms that solve sparse linear systems by message passing on a junction tree (a.k.a. clique tree). When solving the systemAx = b whereA is a sparse n×nmatrix, these methods require O(n · w3) time and O(n · w2) space, where w is the treewidth of A’s sparsity graph. These algorithms are useful for parallel or distributed so...

in a retrospective study, one hundred corneosclerallaceration (csl) cases were managed at zahedan ophthalmic center from 1988-1990. our findings showed that csl is more commonly seen in young and male patients. seasonal variation in csl frequency with higher prevalence in the fust half of the years was evident. also it was found that cataract was more common in corneal lacerations while hyphema...

Genetic variation among 166 isolates of human adenovirus 7 (Ad7) obtained from 1966 to 2000 from the United States and Eastern Ontario, Canada, was determined by genome restriction analysis. Most (65%) isolates were identified as Ad7b. Two genome types previously undocumented in North America were also identified: Ad7d2 (28%), which first appeared in 1993 and was later identified throughout the...

Finite element technology in one-dimensional layered media of the continuous electro-media and the two-dimensional continuous electrical is displayed in ways of the special matrix equations in the variation formula and split technical conditions. To achieve a one-dimensional layered continuous electrical finite element numerical simulation of the media, the introduction of the secondary triangu...

The early stages of invasion involve demographic bottlenecks that may result in lower genetic variation in introduced populations as compared to source population/s. Low genetic variability may decrease the adaptive potential of such populations in their new environments. Previous population genetic studies of invasive species have reported varying levels of losses of genetic variability in com...