background: . the aim of this study was to investigate of relationship of musculoskeletal symptoms with weight of backpack in tehran secondary school students. methods: this cross-sectional study was performed in the city of tehran in 2009. two hundred thirteen students partici­pated in study. nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire was used, asking about complaints of back, neck, and/or shoulders...

aim : to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and signs among persons with diabetes mellitus in a specialist hospital. background : gastrointestinal symptoms and signs are common among patients with diabetes mellitus. morbidity from patients and methods : in this descriptive, cross-sectional study, subjects from the general population with diabetes (n=200) were recruited for th...

BACKGROUND Research examining long-term health outcomes for women after childbirth has been limited. The objective of this study was to investigate the natural history of common morbidities in the 18 months after the birth of a first child, and to explore the hypothesis that women who have a cesarean section for a first birth experience less overall morbidity in the postnatal period. METHODS ...

INTRODUCTION TX-004HR is an investigational, applicator-free, vaginal soft gel capsule containing low-dose solubilized 17β-estradiol. The phase 3, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicenter REJOICE trial has shown TX-004HR to be safe and effective for the treatment of moderate to severe dyspareunia in postmenopausal women with vulvar and vaginal atrophy (VVA). AIM To evaluate...

Objective To investigate the effects of fractional microablative CO 2 laser on sexual function and overall satisfaction with sexual life in postmenopausal women with vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA). Method This prospective study included 77 postmenopausal women (mean age 60.6 6.2 years) treated for VVA symptoms with the fractional microablative CO 2 laser system (SmartXide 2 V 2 LR, Monalisa Touch, ...

OBJECTIVE This study was designed to assess endometrial histology in postmenopausal women not taking hormone replacement therapy, to evaluate side effects and efficacy of phytoestrogens in treating menopause-associated symptoms, and to determine whether 6 months of phytoestrogen supplementation altered endometrial histology. METHODS We performed a prospective, double-blinded, randomized, plac...

Abstract Objective Pelvic floor dysfunction can manifest as a spectrum including anorectal dysfunction, vaginal prolapse, and urinary incontinence. Sacrospinous fixation is procedure performed by gynecologists to treat prolapse. The present study aims evaluate the impact of transvaginal prolapse surgery on function. Materials Methods We conducted retrospective review patients undergoing sacrosp...

abstract       background and objective: chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most common causes of genital infection in men and women. genital chlamydial infections in women are clinically asymptomatic in 70-80% of the cases; therefore, the lack of timely diagnosis and treatment leads to complications such as infertility and ectopic pregnancy. the aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency...

objective: listeria monocytogenes is a facultative, gram-positive bacterium which is found in soil, water, decaying vegetables, raw milk, and contaminated dairies. listeria monocytogenes causes listeriosis. listeriosis is a zoonosis disease, which transfers from animals to humans by animal feces and contaminated dairies. listeriosis causes the flu like disease or self-limited enteritis, but it ...

Objective. To determine circadian variation in the onset of placental abruption. Methods. A retrospective study involving 115 placental abruptions, divided into four subgroups based on initial symptoms comprising abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, both abdominal pain and bleeding, or other symptoms. The time of the initial symptom was considered the disease onset. We analyzed the frequency of di...