Brookhaven is undertaking the design, construction and commissioning of the accumulator ring and the beam transport lines for the 1-GeV Spallation Neutron Source. The operating pressure of the accumulator ring vacuum system will be 10 Torr and is needed to minimize the beam-residual gas ionization. The vacuum requirement, the layout of the ring vacuum system, and the design of the vacuum chambe...

Many larger wastewater treatment plants use Anaerobic Digestion, a bacterial process that is carried out in the absence of oxygen. Compared to the conventional activated sludge process, Anaerobic Digestion is more energy efficient, reduces dewatered biosolids by 7-12 times (as compared to conventional processes) and produces useful methane gas (biogas). Gardner Denver Nash liquid ring pumps and...

The e!ect of air viscosity on suction force of vacuum pumps for holding micro-components was investigated. The experimental data show that suction force micro-components is much larger than the calculated results without considering in#uence of the lower pressure between the suction plate and the micro-component. According to the dimensional analysis, a theoretical formula of suction force was ...

We describe an advanced and highly sensitive instrument for quantum state-resolved molecule-surface energy transfer studies under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. The apparatus includes a beam source chamber, two differential pumping chambers, and a UHV chamber for surface preparation, surface characterization, and molecular beam scattering. Pulsed and collimated supersonic molecular beams ar...

The Extended Q-range Small-angle Neutron Scattering Diffractometer (EQ-SANS) instrument at the spallation neutron source (SNS), Oak Ridge, Tennessee, incorporates a 69 m3 detector vessel with a vacuum system which required an upgrade with respect to performance, ease of operation, and maintenance. The upgrade focused on improving pumping performance as well as optimizing system design to minimi...

We report the observation of laser gain in the vacuum ultraviolet pumped by super Coster-Kronig decay. Using a 5-J, 300-psec pump pulse of 1064-nm radiation, we have observed gain on transitions in Zn III at 127.0, 130.6, and 131.9 nm with total gains of exp(2.4), exp(5.1), and exp(3.2), respectively. The large branching ratios of the rapid super Coster-Kronig decay into a small number of final...

An optical parametric oscillator and a Ti:sapphire laser are used as a pump source for the generation of high-order vibrational stimulated Raman emission in the vacuum ultraviolet region. This tunable laser is employed as an excitation/ionization source in a supersonic jet/multiphoton ionization/ time-of-flight mass spectrometric study of benzene. The merits and potential advantages of this app...

We describe a simple strontium vapor cell for laser spectroscopy experiments. Strontium vapor is produced using an electrically heated commercial dispenser source. The sealed cell operates at room temperature, and without a buffer gas or vacuum pump. The cell was characterized using laser spectroscopy, and was found to offer stable and robust operation, with an estimated lifetime of >10 000 h. ...