UV-radiation elicits a suite of developmental (photomorphogenic) and protective responses in plants, but responses early post-germination have received little attention, particularly in intensively bred plants of economic importance. We examined germination, hypocotyl elongation, leaf pubescence and subcellular responses of germinating and/or etiolated soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) seedlings...

UVB radiation causes about 90% of non-melanoma skin cancers by damaging DNA either directly or indirectly by increasing levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Skin, chronically exposed to both endogenous and environmental pro-oxidant agents, contains a well-organised system of chemical and enzymatic antioxidants. However, increased or prolonged free radical action can overwhelm ROS defence me...

An ultraviolet-B (UV-B)-resistant mutant, uvi1 (UV-B insensitive 1), of Arabidopsis was isolated from 1,280 M(1) seeds that had been exposed to ion beam irradiation. The fresh weight of uvi1 under high-UV-B exposure was more than twice that of the wild type. A root-bending assay indicated that root growth was less inhibited by UV-B exposure in uvi1 than in the wild type. When the seedlings were...

The optimum dose of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation to produce gynogenetic Caspian salmon, Salmo trutta caspius, with emphasis on the "Hertwig effect" and photoreactivation (PR) were investigated. The sperm of Caspian salmon was irradiated with UV at 2010 ? 200 ?w.cm-2 in different times including 0, 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 15, 20, 25, 35 and 45 min and was allowed to fertilize normal ova; the fertilizati...

Ultraviolet radiation (UV) is a major cause of photoaging, which also involves inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP). The present study was undertaken to examine the UVB-protecting effects of yellow-colored plant extracts in cell-based assays. HaCaT keratinocytes were exposed to UVB in the absence or presence of plant extracts, and resulting changes in cell viability and in...

The protease inhibitor antipain increases the effectiveness of UV irradiation on cessation of respiration and cell killing in Escherichia coli B/r cultures without affecting excision of pyrimidine dimers. The actions are similar to those caused by cyclic AMP in irradiated cultures.

UV radiation of the skin impairs immune responses to haptens and to tumor Ags. Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) is an effective method of inducing immune responses to protein and peptide Ag. We explore the effect of UV irradiation on TCI. The generation of Ag-specific CTL to OVA protein, but not class I MHC-restricted OVA peptide, is inhibited by TCI through UV-irradiated skin. Consequently, t...

Quantitative changes in foliar chemistry in response to UV-B radiation are frequently reported but less is known about the qualitative changes in putative UV-screening compounds. It has also not been conclusively shown whether qualitative differences in screening compounds or differences in localization patterns influence the sensitivity of plants to damage from UV-B radiation and there is some...

A genetic screen for mutants of Arabidopsis that are hypersensitive to UV light was developed and used to isolate a new mutant designated uvhl. UV hypersensitivity in uvhl was due to a single recessive trait that is probably located on chromosome 3. Although isolated as hypersensitive to an acute exposure to UV-C light, uvhl was also hypersensitive to UV-B wavelengths, which are present in sunl...