Mutagenicities of 3-nitrodibenzofuran and 3-aminodibenzofuran were examined using Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. Strong mutagenicity was found in both compounds. The mutagenic potency of 3-nitrodibenzofuran was approximately 3.5-fold stronger in TA98 and twice stronger in TA100 than that of benzo[a]pyrene. Mutagenicity of 3-aminodibenzofuran was observed under metabolic activation and w...

The objective of this paper is path planning of a 3 DOF planer robot with hydraulic actuator using genetic algorithm. First the geometric and kinematic parameters of robot were established. The equations of motion are derived by Lagrange method. We proposed the model for proportional valve and hydraulic actuators. Then using the genetic algorithm we minimized the hydraulic energy consumption as...

Analytical methods for solving eigenvalue problems involving real symmetric 3 × $$ 3\times matrices are computationally efficient compared to iterative approaches, but not numerically robust when two of the eigenvalues coalesce. Analysis associated characteristic polynomial reveals an alternative form definition discriminant in terms a sum squares which is susceptible numerical difficulties con...