Human rights has been a contentious issue in US-China relations from their very beginning. In the early years was one-way, with Washington constantly criticizing political, legal, and social inequities Mao's China. China fought back, pointing to deficiencies US system while proceeding recent implement large-scale program of detention incarceration targeting Muslim minorities Xinjiang. Neither U...

Since Iran’s revolution in 1979, relations between Washington and Tehran have been invariably fraught. The Trump presidency saw escalating tensions which the Biden administration has sought to moderate with uncertain results. This article locates contemporary events within a broader analysis of US policy towards Iran, for over four decades oscillated attempted rapprochement hostility short-of-w...

A new species, recently misinterpreted as Callophrys mystaphia Miller, 1913, Callophrys mystaphioides Krupitsky & Kolesnichenko sp. n., is described from Central Iran (Esfahan Province). The new species differs from C. mystaphia in the combination of external characters and morphology of genitalia. Possible relations of C. mystaphia--species group with other Palaearctic Callophrys are discussed.