climate change is one of the most important problems in the present century. so assessing and prediction of future changes is important on water resources and so important for economics and socio-economic consequences. the purpose of this research is assessing the effects of climate change on surface runoff volumes under the scenarios: a1b, a2 and b1 using hadcm3 general circulation model and i...

global warming has brought about changes in meteorological variable time series. these changes, accompanied with serious human intervention in nature, has resulted in hydrological changes. so the effects can be tracked down by the trend of the time series. the purpose of this study is to analyze and compare the monthly and annual trends of temperature, precipitation as well as stream flow time ...

this research was conducted to study the length-weight and length-length relationships and condition factor of six cyprinid fish species viz. alburnus atropatena , barbus lacerta , capoeta capoeta , carrasius gibelio , romanogobio macropterus and pseudorasbora parva from zarrineh river (urmia lake basin, iran). a total of 188 specimens ranging from 2.9 to 21.4cm in total length and 0.22 to 176g...

development projects in natural water resources like rivers and lakes, specially transferring water to use in agriculture, domestic and industrial sector without considering environmental values, causes irrecoverable and irreversible damage to ecosystem and future options. if we consider the future generation and species rights, those damages and costs can be very much than we take in. the abov...

Persian gardens are valuable historical and cultural human-built landscapes however, deteriorating gradually. Thus, comprehensive studies would be helpful in obtaining deeper insights into different aspects meaning of gardens. The descriptive-analytical approach was used to review the EmaratBirooni garden Urmia (Campus University) as it is only remnant Qajar period demonstrating a clear image p...

BACKGROUND Studies in higher education indicated that students' expectation for their educational services are not provided sufficiently, particularly in developing countries that implies on gap between the students perception on current situation and their expectations from educational services. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the gap between student perception and expectat...

Background The topic of food safety has become a major public health issue worldwide. Over recent decades, the growing concern for food safety has brought about greater research regarding the risks associated with the consumption of produce that has been contaminated by pesticides, heavy metals and/or toxins. Objective The study was conducted to determine the concentration of Pb in the muscle...

BACKGROUND Self care of diabetes is essential for control of disease and improvement of quality of patients' life. The aim of this study was to assess factors influencing self-care practice of patients in urban area of Urmia, Northwest of Iran. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 400 diabetic patients were randomly selected from eight healthcare centers in Urmia City in 2010. Data collecti...