BACKGROUND Dental amalgam is a source of elemental and inorganic mercury. The safety of dental amalgam in individuals remains a controversial issue. Urinary mercury concentrations are used to assess chronic exposure to elemental mercury. At present, there are no indications of mercury-associated adverse effects at levels below 5 μg Hg/g creatinine (Cr) or 7 μg Hg/L (urine). The purpose of the p...

BACKGROUND The ventilatory capacity of the respiratory neuromuscular system can be studied with the hypercapnia test. OBJECTIVE To determine whether decreased response to the hypercapnia test is associated with failure to pass a spontaneous breathing trial (SBT) or extubation failure. METHODS We studied 103 intubated patients ready for SBT. We used a hypercapnia test in which we approximate...

Kulit yang sehat dapat mencerminkan kesehatan seseorang secara keseluruhan. Selain itu, kulit juga menjadi ukuran kecantikan. Keinginan untuk tampil cantik menyebabkan remaja lebih konsumtif terhadap kosmetik demi memudahkan pergaulan dan mendapatkan pengakuan dari lingkungan. Menurut Badan Pengawas Obat Makanan (BPOM) Departemen Kesehatan (Depkes) sejak tahun 2012, ada bahan berbahaya sering d...

Measurement of creatinine has many applications. We review the determination of urinary creatinine as a valid index of completeness of 24-h urine collection, the clinical utility of the determination of creatinine clearance ratios, and measurement of the ratio of the clearance of specific analytes, such as amylase, to the ratio of clearance of creatinine. The chemistry and variables that affect...

This study aimed to assess the effect of hypoxemia on theophylline disposition. Ten patients with a mean (+/- SEM) of 58 +/- 3 years with COLD (PaO2 55 +/- 1 mm Hg, PaCO2 46 +/- 2 mm Hg, and pH of 7.39 +/- 0.01) were hospitalized to have oxygen therapy. Before starting O2, they received intravenously, 4 mg/kg of theophylline over a 20-minute period; blood samples and urine were collected for si...

• Mercury exposure (blood, urine and hair) in 238 ASGM miners was assessed Colombia. A 55% of the (n = 131) had Hg/methylmercury values hair above EPA threshold. levels amalgam burners were 6 to 8-fold higher than all other miners. Fish intake, burning manipulate significant indicators Hg exposure. Exposure clearly depend on different processing activities carried out ASGM. With aim protecting ...

OBJECTIVES This pilot study was designed to utilize stroke volume variation and cardiac index to ensure fluid optimization during one-lung ventilation in patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomies. METHODS Eighty patients undergoing thoracoscopic lobectomy were randomized into either a goal-directed therapy group or a control group. In the goal-directed therapy group, the stroke volume var...

INTRODUCTION This chapter addresses the management of BP in adult CKD patients (specifically non-dialysis-dependent CKD [CKD ND]) without diabetes mellitus. There is overlap with BP management in the elderly (defined as persons 465 years of age or as persons with CKD and aging-related co-morbid conditions). In the elderly in particular and to a lesser extent in younger CKD patients, these co-mo...