Climate policies can be applied either upstream, where fossil fuels are extracted, or downstream, emissions generated. Specific policy instruments defined for level, and take the form of a price signal such as through tax, quantity limit direct regulation permit market. In this study, we present an agent-based model to compare performance these different levels. Since coverage is often limited,...

We study the adoption, diffusion, and impacts of Universal Product Code (UPC) between 1975 1992, during initial years barcode system. find evidence network effects in diffusion process. Matched-sample difference-in-difference estimates show that firm size trademark registrations increase following UPC adoption by manufacturers. Industry-level import penetration also increases with domestic adop...

Fish assemblage was investigated during the study of longitudinal profile of the Ehania River Basin in south-eastern Côte d’Ivoire. This area is subjected to intense human activities with many plantations (palm tree, banana, pineapple, coffee, rubber and cocoa). Samples were collected, with gillnets of different mesh sizes, through 6 sampling surveys during dry and rainy seasons from February ...

Soil and water resources management of rivers has an important role because of direct relation withdifferent systems such as earth, life, social and people. Although the use of vegetation cover inbioengineering and biological stabilization and also soil and water resources management projects hasmany advantages, but improper methods of design and implementation cause hydraulic specificationsof ...