in this thesis, a better reaction conditions for the synthesis of spirobarbiturates catalyzed by task-specific ionic liquid (2-hydroxy-n-(2-hydroxyethyl)-n,n-dimethylethanaminium formate), calcium hypochlorite ca(ocl)2 or n-bromosuccinimide (nbs) in the presence of water at room temperature by ultrasonic technique is provided. the design and synthesis of spirocycles is a challenging task becaus...

the following null hypothesis was proposed: h : there is no significant difference between the use of semantically or communicatively translates scientific texts. to test the null hypothesis, a number of procedures were taken first, two passages were selected form soyrcebooks of food and nutrition industry and gardening deciplines. each, in turn, was following by a number of comprehension quest...

the present study aimed at investigating how different news agencies using the concept of legitimation/delegitimation represent the same event differently. to this end, van leeuwens (2008) legitimatory/delegitimatory framework was applied to the data gleaned from the iranian state-run news agency fars news, british state-run news agency bbc, and also american state-run news agency voa. the resu...

راحتی سفر (ride comfort) در خودرو ها بستگی به احساس سرنشیان داخل وسیله نقلیه نسبت به ارتعاشات وارد شده بر خودرو دارد. ارتعاشات بدنه خودرو ناشی از عوامل گوناگونی مثل ناهمواری های سطح جاده، نیروهای آیرودینامیکی، ارتعاشات موتور و نابالانسی چرخ ها می تواند باشد[1].عموما ناهمواری های سطح جاده منبع اصلی ارتعاشات ایجاد شده بر روی وسیله نقلیه بوده و ضربه های اتفاقی ناشی از ناهمواری های جاده، خودرو را د...

among the low–dimensional allotropes of carbon, nanotubes and graphene have attracted very much attention from nano–science and nanotechnology specialists. they have been proposed as building blocks in nanometer device engineering. however, these structures are not defect–free. in this thesis, we focused on defective carbon nanotubes and graphene, and studied the effect of couple of very common...

A two years field study was conducted to evaluate the yield and yield components response of five barley cultivars to different cycocel (CCC) concentrations in College of Agriculture, Shiraz University during 2011-12 and 2012-13 growing seasons. This study was carried out as a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replicates. The treatments included cycocel ...

abstract this quasi-experimental study was aimed at examining the impact of storyline complexity on the grammatical accuracy and complexity of advanced and intermediate efl learners. a total of 65 advanced and intermediate efl learners were selected from iran language institute (ili). an intact group including 35 intermediate participants and another intact group with 30 advanced participants ...

abstract this study examines the effect of teaching lexical inferencing strategies on developing reading comprehension skill of iranian advanced efl learners. participants were female students of meraj and shokouh institudes of garmsar a quasi-experimental design using two intact advanced classes of efl students at meraj and shokouh institutes. as the first step, a general toefl proficiency te...

abstract in aggregate, active forms of reactive silica with mineral names are sometimes associated with sand and gravel in concrete mixture. alkali hydroxides originated from alkalis in the cement or other resources form an alkaline silica gel with this reactive silica which becomes swallowed and expanded during time causing damage to concrete. there have been growing researches on alkaline r...