One-half of the world's population lives in cities and towns; this is expected to increase to 70% by 2050. One in three urban dwellers lives in slums. As the urban population grows, so does the number of urban poor. Out of a billion children living in urban areas, approximately 300 million are suffering from exclusion or are at risk of exclusion. Urban poor children are devoid of basic rights o...

An anonymous, online survey of medical students, interns, and faculty at a university hospital was conducted in 2013 to examine self-reported adherence to hand hygiene opportunities. Variation in self-reported adherence ranged from frequencies of 60%-100%. Such variation suggests the need to direct education toward hand hygiene opportunities with lower reported rates of adherence, especially to...

.............................................................................................................................. 2

Observations are reported on the variation in evaluation and management of 216 episodes of fever in 690 patients on four services of a university hospital. Twenty-two percent of febrile episodes were not commented upon in the medical record. Thirty percent of all fevers and 14% of antibiotic-treated fevers were not evaluated with microbiologic cultures. The extent of evaluation varied with serv...

Patient classification systems generate information for staff allocation based on a patient's care needs. This study aims to test further the instrument for assessing nursing intensity (NI) in perioperative settings. Nine operating departments from five university hospitals were involved. The perioperative nurses gathered data from patients (N = 876) representing different fields of surgery. Re...

Within the unique and complex settings of university hospitals, it is difficult to implement policy initiatives aimed at developing careers in and improving the quality of academic medical teaching because of the competing domains of medical research and patient care. Factors that influence faculty in making use of teaching policy incentives have remained underexplored. Knowledge of these facto...

Very little of WHO's work is done by the Organization alone. Much of it takes the form of coordination and collaboration in which WHO acts in partnership with governments, institutions-both governmental and nongovernmental-and individual scientists and other workers in the field of health. As the following article shows, collaboration with a university hospital department enriches both partners...

university autonomy and accountability have been playing such a vital role in all aspects of university governance that their importance cannot be over emphasized. autonomy can be defined as “the right of a group of people to govern itself or to organize its own activities” and being autonomous means “being independent and having the power to make your own decisions”. on the other hand, account...

Reliable multicast is useful for replication and in support of publish-subscribe notification. However, many of the most interesting applications give rise to huge numbers of multicast groups with heavily overlapping sets of receivers, large groups, or high rates of dynamism. Existing multicast systems scale poorly in one or more of these respects. This paper describes QuickSilver Scalable Mult...

Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) has become an accepted and empirically validated therapeutic approach in psychotherapy for a number of different presenting concerns. However, it is unclear whether there is empirical evidence to illustrate the efficacy of CBT with individuals from visible ethnic minority populations. Therefore, the aim of this project was to conduct a literature review to as...