• We compared fair/unfair treatment among Whites/Latinos in inter/intragroup contexts. • Unfair treatment has different implications depending on group context. • Ethnicity & system-legitimizing beliefs (SJBs) interact to predict responses to discrimination. • Ethnicity & SJBs do not predict responses to unfair, group-irrelevant treatment. • Post-discrimination, low-SJBs show cardiovascular cha...