Dynamic, momentary approach or avoidance motivational states have downstream effects on eventual goal success and overall well being, but there is still uncertainty about how those states affect the proximal neurocognitive processes (e.g., attention) that mediate the longer-term effects. Attentional flexibility, or the ability to switch between different attentional foci, is one such neurocogni...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To consolidate the literature and provide a model to explain the links among uncertainty, post-traumatic stress syndrome, and health behaviors in adolescent and young adult childhood cancer survivors. DATA SOURCES A systemic review of related literature and theory was used for the proposed model. The literature pertaining to the Uncertainty in Illness Theory, childhood canc...

We present a framework for online navigation planning in multi-agent environments, where no explicit communication takes place among agents, such as pedestrian scenes. Inspired by pedestrian navigation, our approach encodes the concept of coordination into agents’ decision making through an inference mechanism about joint strategies of avoidance. Strategies of avoidance represent avoidance prot...

This paper presents an obstacle avoidance method for spacecraft relative motion control. In this approach, a connectivity graph is constructed for a set of relative framepoints,which formavirtual net centeredaroundanominal orbital position. The connectivity between points in the virtual net is determined based on the use of safe positively invariant sets for guaranteed collision freemaneuvering...

This study was conducted to investigate the similarities and differences in the personality dimensions of patients with pathological gambling disorder (PGD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Thirty-three subjects with PGD, 41 with OCD and 40 normal controls were assessed with the Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), which assesses three personality dimensions: novelty seeking,...

This paper proposes a new hierarchical formulation of POMDPs for autonomous robot navigation that can be solved in real-time, and is memory efficient. It will be referred to in this paper as the Robot Navigation Hierarchical POMDP (RN-HPOMDP). The RN-HPOMDP is utilized as a unified framework for autonomous robot navigation in dynamic environments. As such, it is used for localization, planning ...

Although allergen exposure can clearly aggravate the condition of sensitized patients with asthma, there is uncertainty and controversy about exactly which allergen avoidance interventions should be recommended to patients with asthma. Interventions that appear logical may fail to be clinically efficacious for several reasons. Although narrow interventions, such as allergen-impermeable mattress...

The development of a prototype alerting system for a conceptual free  ight environment is discussed. The alerting logic is based on a probabilistic model of aircraft sensor and trajectory uncertainties that need not be Gaussian distributions. Monte Carlo simulations are used over a range of encounter situations to estimate con ict probability as a function of intruder position, heading, and s...

Several independent lines of research bear on the question of why individuals avoid decisions by postponing them, failing to act, or accepting the status quo. This review relates findings across several different disciplines and uncovers 4 decision avoidance effects that offer insight into this common but troubling behavior: choice deferral, status quo bias, omission bias, and inaction inertia....

Small traders face risk and uncertainty in carrying out their business activities. On the basis of a large-scale survey on iafermal seda trnde in Central Java, Indonesia, the economic conditions of the informal trade sector and risk avoidance strategies of traders are analyzed. In particular, petty traders have to solve ‘the traders dilemma” by extracting themselves from the moral obligations d...