objective: genes involved in bone and tissue remodelling in the vertebrates include matrix metalloproteinase-9 (mmp-9), receptor activator of necrosis factor κ-β (rank), cathepsin-k (ctsk) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (tracp). we examine whether these markers are expressed in cells of zebrafish embryos of 1-5 days post fertilization. we also examine adult scales, which are known to c...

In the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) framework of the past 60 years, colloidal interaction between similarly charged particles has been claimed to be simply repulsive, and an attraction such as the van der Waals interaction is attached to the Coulombic repulsion. Statistical-thermodynamic considerations show that the electrostatic Helmholtz free energy ΔF(el) is generally not equal to...

the geometry of a system of second order differential equations is the geometry of a semispray, which is a globally defined vector field on tm. the metrizability of a given semispray is of special importance. in this paper, the metric associated with the semispray s is applied in order to study some types of foliations on the tangent bundle which are compatible with sode structure. indeed, suff...

hyperdiamonds are covalently bonded fullerenes in crystalline forms, more or less related todiamond, and having a significant amount of sp3 carbon atoms. design of severalhypothetical crystal networks was performed by using our original software programscvnet and nano-studio. the topology of the networks is described in terms of the netparameters and several counting polynomials, calculated by ...

the atom-bond connectivity index of graph is a topological index proposed by estrada et al.as abc (g)  uve (g ) (du dv  2) / dudv , where the summation goes over all edges ofg, du and dv are the degrees of the terminal vertices u and v of edge uv. in the present paper,some upper bounds for the second type of atom-bond connectivity index are computed.

cauliflower-like nanostructure of cadmium oxide was synthesized by utilizing mechanochemical reaction followed calcination procedure for the first time. the design of experiment (doe) by taguchi method was used to study influence of the chosen factors and to consider optimum conditions of the experiments. the temperature of calcining, the duration of milling, the duration of calcining and react...

in this paper, the time-like hyperruled surfaces in the minkowski 4-space and their algebraicinvariants are worked. also some characteristic results are found about these algebraic invariants.