Recent research has indicated that investment in certain capital types, such as computers, has fostered accelerated productivity growth and enabled a fundamental reorganization of the workplace. However, remarkably little is known about the composition of investment at the micro level. This short paper takes an important …rst step in …lling this knowledge gap by looking at the newly available m...

In this work; we suggest a new intelligent optimization method to solve the optimal energy management issue in the renewable micro-grids (MGs). The proposed method is constructed based on the harmony search (HS) algorithm as well as a novel adaptive modification method to solve the problem effectively. The proposed modification method consists of three submodifications to provide the algorithm ...

In this letter, we describe a novel capillary force gripper with two nozzles for the manipulation of complex-shaped micro-objects. These rapidly form constant-volume droplets and have primary functions: fast water refilling by action droplet formation on-off control diaphragm pump. Capillary is dominant microscopic acting on objects all shapes owing to fluidity water. Therefore, it suitable cap...

Cell behaviour such as adhesion, morphology, proliferation and functional activity are highly influenced by surface properties including hydrophobicity, roughness, texture and morphology. These surface properties may be controlled using a mixture of additive coating techniques to produce glass coatings by sol-gel process and soft lithography on dental ceramics. The purpose of this work was to c...

The research community is experiencing a revolution in microscale and nanoscale heat transfer, with a focus on developing fundamental experiments and theoretical techniques. More recently, these advancements have begun to influence the design of electronic systems. A futuristic electronic cooling solution might include high efficiency thermoelectric devices made from nanomaterials for the cooli...

Nowadays it is accepted that the friction force is a combined effect arising from various phenomena: adhesive forces, capillary forces, contact elasticity, topography, surface chemistry, and generation of a third body, etc. Any of them can dominate depending on the experimental force and length scales of the study. Typical forces in macro-tribology are in the Newtons, while are reduced to milli...

In order to deal with unexpected or illegal behavior of multi-agent systems, we have to reorganize the system's behavior by rede ning or re-planning each agent's behavior. In that case, the underlying mathematical model connecting the target system's behavior and each agent's behavior is indispensable. In this paper, we present a method for generating causal relations among the parameters which...

This paper presents a generic radio access network cost assessment and optimisation methodology, allowing a performance-vs.-cost assessment of different deployment options considered in beyond-3G networks as, e.g., the WINNER system. Cost assessments are based on an identification and classification of relevant cost components of advanced radio access network deployments, including radio access...

This paper reviews CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems) fabrication technologies and enabled micro devices of various sensors and actuators. The technologies are classified based on the sequence of the fabrication of CMOS circuitry and MEMS elements, while SOI (silicon-on-insulator) CMOS MEMS are introduced separately. Introduction of associated...

KNICS (Korea Nuclear Instrumentation and Control System) is a national promoted project to develop a safety-critical level embedded system for nuclear plant protection system. PLC(Programmable Logic Controller) is a typical embedded system to instrument and control plant system, and KNICS has been developing a PLC for controlling a reactor of nuclear power plant system. The PLC micro-kernel is ...