The Central Asian area is confronted with a number of acute obstacles as it attempts to transition long-term electrical power supply. Small-scale hydropower systems may be viable answer these problems. nations' resources are allocated unevenly. Regardless, remains the most exploitable renewable energy source in area, both Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan possessing some world's highest potential. None...

Central Asia is located in the hinterland of Eurasia, comprising Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, and Tajikistan; over 93.00% total area dryland. Temperature rise human activities have severe impacts on fragile ecosystems. Since 1970s, nearly half great lakes shrunk rivers are drying rapidly owing to climate changes activities. Water shortage ecological crisis attracted extensi...

Healthcare reforms are often not coupled with a relevant and appropriate monitoring framework, leaving policymakers and the public without evidence about the implications of such reforms. Kazakhstan has embarked on a large-scale reform of its healthcare system in order to achieve Universal Health Coverage. The health-related 2020 Strategic Development Goals reflect this political ambition. In a...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of bilateral cochlear implantation (CI) compared with unilateral CI for deaf children in the context of the Republic of Kazakhstan health system. Methods. A literature search was conducted, using the PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase data bases for studies that compared the effectiveness of bilateral and unilateral CI in children. Th...

The representatives of the genus Epicheloniceras Casey, 1954 from Middle Aptian Mangyshlak, Western and Southern Turkmenistan are described.

Uzbekistan has been one of the most enigmatic of the thirty-plus economies in transition from central planning during the 1990s. The government explicitly avoided the shock therapy advocated by the international financial institutions and also avoided the economic collapse of non-reformers such as Belarus or Turkmenistan. Its economic performance, measured by change in real GDP between 1989 and...

With the end of Cold War, a global competition began for exploration, extraction and transportation Caspian energy resources. It is suggested that cooperation two energ-rich countries, Azerbaijan Turkmenistan, will not only increase influence these countries in international arena, but also contribute to security. Turkmenistan’s active foreign policy with Berdimuhamedov increased impact Turkmen...

BACKGROUND Rabies is a neglected zoonotic disease. There is a sparsity of data on this disease with regard to the incidence of human and animal disease in many low and middle income countries. Furthermore, rabies results in a large economic impact and a high human burden of disease. Kazakhstan is a large landlocked middle income country that gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991 and...