We report three-dimensional index-of-refraction measurements in a methane-air slot diffusion flame and a methane-air slot subsonic jet using beam-deflection optical tomography. The horizontal and vertical spatial resolutions are 0.26 and 0.635 mm, respectively. The peak temperature is calculated from the index-of-refraction map for the flame and compared with thermocouple temperature measurements.

Transition to inertio-elastic turbulence in Taylor–Couette flow with shear-thinning and viscoelastic polymer solutions is investigated when the rotation rate of inner cylinder increased outer fixed. In two PEO elastic number $$E \in \left\{ 0.16 ; 0.30 \right\} $$ , first instability circular Couette appears as spirals propagating opposite directions along axis cylinders. Just above onset patte...

Comparatively little attention has been given to multicomponent diffusion effects in lean hydrogen-air flames, in spite of the importance of these flames in safety and their potential importance to future energy technologies. Prior direct numerical simulations either have considered only the mixture-averaged transport model, or have been limited to stabilized flames that do not exhibit the ther...

An investigation is carried out into the ranges of Damköhler number and Lewis number, less than unity, in which different forms of combustion phenomena arise within a non-premixed counterflow; cases that are symmetrical across the counterflow are chosen for study. These link oscillatory and steady propagation of flame edges, zero propagation speeds, isolated flame tubes, quenching and marginal ...

The interaction between turbulent flows and premixed flames remains a significant topic of interest for improved modeling efforts the advancement clean efficient combustion systems . Due to challenging nature problem, majority studies related turbulence-flame interactions have been conducted with unconfined numerical simulations or experimental burners. This paper describes effects flow confine...

A new two-distribution lattice Boltzmann equation (LBE) algorithm is presented to solve the laminar diffusion flames within the context of Burke–Schumann flame sheet model. One distribution models the transport of the Schvab–Zeldovich coupling function, or the mixture fraction to combine the energy and species equations. The other distribution models the quasi-incompressible Navier–Stokes equat...

Calanoid copepods are among the most abundant metazoans in the ocean and constitute a vital trophic link within marine food webs. They possess relatively narrow swimming capabilities, yet are capable of significant self-locomotion under strong hydrodynamic conditions. Here we provide evidence for an active adaptation that allows these small organisms to adjust their motility in response to back...