ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the clinical utility metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) on smear-negative extrapulmonary specimens collected in China.MethodsSpecimens were tested by mNGS and other routine tests for tuberculosis (TB). The diagnostic accuracy calculated compared with final diagnosis.ResultsThe sensitivity found be significantly higher than sensitivities TB...

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis is prevalent worldwide. Even in developed countries there is a resurgence of tuberculosis mainly due to increasing HIV infection. Tuberculous ileal perforation is uncommon. It is, however, a potentially fatal complication of intestinal tuberculosis especially in HIV/AIDS patient. AIM To highlight tuberculous ileal perforation as an underestimated complication of intest...

T uberculous pericarditis continues to have a high incidence in developing countries. Despite effective antimicrobial treatment and improved public health in developed countries, there has been a recent surge in the incidence of both atypical and classical tuberculosis in immunocompromised patients, especially those infected with HIV. Only a few studies have been published describing the echoca...

We report a case of paradoxical worsening of tuberculous chorioretinitis after initiation of anti-tuberculous therapy (ATT). The patient had left panuveitis with tuberculous chorioretinitis and was started on systemic ATT and oral steroids a week later. However, he developed paradoxical worsening 2 months after initiation of therapy. He was continued on ATT, oral steroids and intravitreal amika...

We performed endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) on a patient presenting with an asymptomatic peripancreatic mass-like lesion. The aspiration cytologic finding was class II. On positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT), there were hot spots in the left supra-clavicular lymph node and the peripancreatic lesion. A whole biopsy of the left supra-clavicular...

Central nervous system (CNS) tuberculosis is a serious form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. CNS tuberculosis can present as meningitis, arachnoiditis, tuberculomas or the uncommon form of tuberculous subdural empyema and brain abscess. We present the clinical, radiological and pathological findings, and report on the successful treatment of an immunocompetent patient diagnosed with probable tub...

Five cases of lymphocytic meningitis are described where a Bromide Partition Test was performed and proved positive at levels usually considered consistent with tuberculous meningitis. Three of these cases were ultimately shown to have herpes simplex viral encephalitis, one had Listeria monocytogenes in the CSF and the fifth patient recovered without treatment and was thought to have had a vira...

Five cases of spinal intramedullary tuberculomas (IMT) and one case of spinal intramedullary tuberculous abscess (ITA) are presented. Gd enhanced MRI revealed ring enhancing lesion with central hypodensity, suggesting granulomatous pathology. Surgical excision of the intramedullary lesions was carried out in four cases, while two patients received presumptive anti-tuberculous chemotherapy only....

We present a 14-year-old boy, a known case of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) for five years, and was treated with intermittent oral steroids. He presented with left upper abdominal pain of three months' duration. The pain was dull, aching and non-radiating. There were no other associated features. Before this presentation, he was receiving oral steroids for a month. The patient had b...

Cerebrospinal fluid from patients with tuberculous, pyogenic, and viral meningitis, as well as from appropriate control individuals, were assayed for immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M antibody activity to Mycobacterium bovis BCG by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. BCG linked covalently to plastic disks served as the antigen in a classical indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A s...