UNLABELLED BACKGROUND The nuclear-chemical method brought unique opportunity for synthesis of unknown and hardly available organic compounds. Presence of tritium labeling allows one-step preparation of radioactive markers for the investigation of chemical and biological processes. METHODS The ion-molecular reactions of nucleogenic phenyl cations with 4-picoline have been carried out. The p...

Three-dimensional diodes fabricated by electrochemical etching are exposed to tritium gas at pressures from 0.05 to 33 atm at room temperature to examine its power scaling performance. It is shown that the three-dimensional microporous structure overcomes the self-absorption limited saturation of beta flux at high tritium pressures. These results are contrasted against the three-dimensional dev...

The observation of significant neutron yield from gas loaded titanium samples at Frascati in April 1989 opened up an alternate pathway to the investigation of anomalous nuclear phenomena in deuterium/solid systems, complimenting the electrolytic approach. Since then atleast six different groups have successfully measured burst neutron emission from deuterated titanium shavings following the Fra...

In a Dual-Coolant Lead-Lithium (DCLL) blanket, tritium losses from the PbLi into cooling helium streams may occur when the liquid-metal breeder is moving in the poloidal ducts. Quantitative analysis of the mass transfer processes associated with the tritium transport in the breeder as well as tritium diffusion through the structural and functional materials is important for two main reasons. Th...

ABST RACT: Tritium accumulation in clay minerals (kaolinite, montmorillonite, palygorskite) was studied experimentally over a one year contact with tritiated water (initial activity 1.67610 Bq/m) under room conditions, and was compared to theoretical calculations. The amounts of tritium ions in bound water and structural hydroxyls were measured by the activity of water fractions released at cha...

A water cooling solid breeder blanket is a prime candidate of the blanket of the fusion reactor in Japan. In this case, the blanket tritium recovery system will be composed of three processes: tritium recovery from the helium sweep gas as hydrogen, that as water vapor and tritium recovery from the coolant water. For these processes, the present authors have proposed a set of advanced systems, a...

A number of studies have proposed several electrically insulating coatings for the vanadium structure to mitigate the magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) pumping power losses for the self-cooled lithium blanket system. The most practical scenario for power plant designs is to add the coating material to the liquid lithium breeder to help the in-situ self-healing process of the microcracking developed du...

Investigation on tritium was one of the recommendations in ERAB report of DOE in November, 1989. 15 year evolution of the related research proved that it was an important recommendation. A selective resonant tunneling model is attempted to explain this discovery. Deuterium flux might be a key issue to solve the problem of the reproducibility. A further investigation is suggested based on this m...

Of all the substances used for the estimation in vivo of total body water content, the most attractive are the isotopes of hydrogen, since they enter into all the metabolic processes involving water and have no selective secretion or storage. Deuterium was the first substance used for body water estimation in vivo (Hevesy and Hofer, 1934) and is preferable to tritium because it is not radioacti...