The study examines the changes to total factor productivity of Jamaican banks between 1998 and 2007. Using Data Envelopment Analysis with bootstrap to construct a Malmquist index, bank productivity is measured and decomposed into technical progress and efficiency. The results suggest an inconsistent growth pattern for banks between 1998 and 2007 driven mainly by efficiency gains in the immediat...

Introduction For variety NCo.376, produced in six replications Trash conservation is practised primarily to obtain under standard dryland conditions, the amount of a reliable means of weed control in ratoon crops of oven-dry trash increased from 3.9 tons Per acre at sugarcane, and in Natal it is done with the knowledge 5 months of age to over 8 tons Per re at 20 months that a crop yield respons...

Cities often experience growth either physically, by population, or by a combination of both. Urban sprawl in recent times is a subject of popular debate between policy makers and environmentalists in context of the status of urban people and the state of the human ecology. With the high pace of social and economic development resulting growth of urban population, lack of infrastructure, conges...

The orogenesis of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and the Quaternary climate changes have played key roles in driving the evolution of flora and fauna in Southwest China, but their effects on higher fungi are poorly addressed. In this study, we investigated the phylogeographic pattern of the Tuber indicum species complex, an economically important fungal group distributed in the Hengduan Mountains ...

The long-term effects of green cane harvesting with trash retention, compared with burning, on soil microbiological properties were evaluated using data from the long-term trash management trial at Mount Edgecombe (BT1). Total organic C content was greater under green cane harvesting than burning in the surface 0-10 cm layer of soil. Microbial biomass C was greater under green cane harvesting t...

The functioning of large river systems with adjacent floodplains is strongly influenced by the flood pulse. This phenomenon is the main structuring force for the biota, including fish communities that use floodplain environments for spawning, feeding, nursery and refuge. In floodplains and in the entire basin, the volume of water controls internal flows. During rising water, the high discharge ...

Field observations on small rivers of the Amazon basin are less common due to their remote location and difficult accessibility. Here we show, through sensing analysis field works, planform evolution riverbed topography a river located in upper foreland basin, Ichilo River. By tracking changes over 30 years, identified factors that control meander migration rates River: cutoffs, climate human i...

The root and leaf extracts of four plants, Occimum gratissimum, Azadirachta indica, Pterocarpus santalinoides, and Pistia hyptis, were studied for repellent activities against the adults of Simulium damnosum sensu lato. The leaves and roots were extracted with 95% ethanol and the stocks were diluted with paraffin. The repellent activities of the extracts were investigated using human baits alon...

What affects people’s behavior when they dispose items? The distance hypothesis predicts that the number of misplaced items is a function of the distance of an appropriate bin. We categorized and mapped bins at 140 locations on the campus of a major research university in the Midwest and calculated the distances between adjacent bins. The distance hypothesis predicts that users dispose more rec...

The Internet Engineering Task Force has developed Mobile IP to handle mobility of Internet hosts at the network layer. Mobile IP, however, suffers from a number of drawbacks such as high handover latency, packet loss, and conflict with network security solutions. In this paper, we describe TraSH, a new Transport Layer Seamless Handover solution to mobility. TraSH utilizes multi-homing to achiev...