The transoral approach to clivus and upper cervical region is a direct route for treating pathology ventral to the brainstem and upper cervical spinal cord with low morbidity and mortality rates. This approach may be used for congenital atlanto-axial dislocation, fracture dislocation, vertebrobasilar aneurysms, basilar invagination, compressive rheumatoid pannus and tumours of the craniovertebr...

Objectives: Objective and subjective evaluation of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNTA) treatment for adductor type spasmodic dysphonia is presented. Therefore, a combinatorial approach based on patients’ and speech experts’ assessment of voice impairment, as well as on the acoustic analysis of spoken standardized text was performed. Study design: Prospective clinical study. Materials and methods: Fo...

In recent years, surgical treatment of laryngeal cancer has evolved towards transoral resections. Transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) combines microscopic control with the precise cutting and coagulation capability that laser equipment has, making it possible to remove laryngeal tumours by the transoral approach, with very good oncological and functional outcomes. In early tumours, local control...

Although foramen magnum meningiomas are usually removable, their location poses considerable surgical risk. The authors present three cases of foramen magnum meningioma. The first involved a ventral type tumor extending to the second cervical body. Following bilateral mandibulotomy, surgery was performed via the anterior transoral approach and the tumor was totally removed. Nine days postoperat...

UNLABELLED Recently, a transoral robotic-assisted technique to access the thyroid gland has been introduced. Despite the advantages this approach may have over other minimally invasive and robotic-assisted techniques, we found that the placement of the camera through the floor of mouth led to restricted freedom of movement. We describe our modification to this technique to overcome this problem...

OBJECTIVES The transoral removal of stones by sialodochoplasty has been popularized in the treatment of submandibular sialolithiasis. However, the effectiveness of sialodochoplasty is controversial, and there are no reports on the long-term outcomes of this procedure. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness and long-term outcomes of sialodochoplasty in patients with submandibu...

AIM Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) placement is a useful but invasive method. Recently, the hemodynamic change of ultrathin transnasal esophagogastroduodenoscopy (transnasal EGD) was reported as less than that of conventional transoral EGD (transoral EGD). This study compared hemodynamic changes between transnasal EGD and transoral EGD in the setting of PEG placement using a modified...

Background: The transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) is the most recently developed minimally invasive technique with no skin incision. For tissue dissection and bleeding control, use of proper energy devices very important in thyroid surgery. To date, there have been clinical studies reported regarding which device better TOETVA, ultrasonic shears or advanced bipolar...

OBJECTIVE We describe an endoscopic transoral approach for treating benign lesions of the glenoid fossa with or without infratemporal fossa involvement. STUDY DESIGN Description and validation of surgical technique on living humans. METHODS Excision of benign lesions arising from the glenoid fossa was achieved in five patients through a transoral endoscopic approach. Using 0- and 45-degree ...

The inclusion of maxillary canines is a very common condition. The intraoral approach to the canine extraction can be buccal or palatal depending on the position of the tooth. However, in some cases, the proximity to the nasal floor or the side wall of the nose makes the transoral approach rather invasive. The aim of this article was to describe a novel transnasal endoscopically assisted approa...