The usage of OpenFOAM flow solver program can be challenging for some industrial applications as it is highly sensitive to the quality solution mesh. Therefore, users are inherently encouraged use low skewed meshes which have six or more faces. implementation hexahedral elements helps accurately model a physical problem and speed up convergence by allowing aligned orthogonally along curved geom...

The sympathetic nervous system is essential for the cardiovascular responses to stimulation of visceral afferents. It remains unclear how the reflex-evoked sympathetic output is distributed to different vascular beds to initiate the hemodynamic changes. In the present study, we examined changes in regional sympathetic nerve activity and blood flows in anesthetized cats. Cardiovascular reflexes ...

We close by describing two rather unusual applications of complex variables. The details are beyond the scope of this book, but the ideas involved definitely deserve mention. The first area of application is fluid dynamics. It was observed already in the nineteenth century that the equations describing the incompressibility and irrotationality of fluids are just the Cauchy-Riemann equations for...

In this work, the application of harmonic balance technique is demonstrated for transonic buffet cases. The method represents an alternative to time-marching simulations that are expensive complex flow Here applied on different test cases with inherently unsteady flows, i.e. two aerofoil configurations undergoing buffet. A gradient-based, variable time period used estimate frequency oscillation...