Environmental pollution and rapid depletion are among the chief concerns about fossil fuels such as oil, gas, and coal. Renewable energy sources do not suffer from such limitations and are considered the best choice to replace fossil fuels. The present study develops a mathematical model for optimal allocation of regional renewable energy to meet a country-wide demand and its other essential as...

In recent years, significant research efforts have been devoted to the optimal planning of power systems. Substation Expansion Planning (SEP) as a sub-system of power system planning consists of finding the most economical solution with the optimal location and size of future substations and/or feeders to meet the future demand. The large number of design variables, and combination of discrete ...

The problem of minimum-cost expansion of power transmission network is formulated as a genetic algorithm with the cost of new lines and security constraints and Kirchhoff’s Law at each bus bar included. A genetic algorithm (GA) is a search or optimization algorithm based on the mechanics of natural selection and genetics. An applied example is presented. The results from a set of tests carried ...

In network investments, much of the real options value may reside “in” identifying the proper configuration to develop, in terms of the timing and sizing of its deployment. A longer-term perspective, with a treatment of uncertainty that moves beyond simply increasing deterministic specifications, has the potential to improve the design of networked infrastructures, such as power transmission ne...

Transmission network expansion planning (TNEP) is a basic part of power network planning that determines where, when and how many new transmission lines should be added to the network. So, the TNEP is an optimizing problem in which the expansion purposes are optimized. The Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), Simulated Annealing (SA), Tabu Search (TS), Artificial n...

This paper presents a method in expansion planning of transmission systems using the AC optimal power flow (AC-OPF). The AC-OPF provides a more accurate picture of power flow in the network compared to the DC optimal power flow (DC-OPF) that is usually considered in the literature for transmission expansion planning (TEP). While the AC-OPF-based TEP is a mixed-integer nonlinear programming prob...

Nowadays, utilization of renewable energies for satisfying electricity demand has received more interest, and renewable electricity generation has been growing in the world. This study addresses the operational planning of a renewable electricity supply chain over a multi-period planning horizon. The purpose of this study is to maximize total profit and to optimize the operational decisions rel...

With everyday lives becoming increasingly energy intensive, the need of the hour is to plan for the growing demand for clean energy in the future. This research project anticipates a very high wind penetration future for Iowa, and with it the necessity to upgrade or build transmission to transfer the energy to load centers in the east and south. Unlike the traditional planning approach which id...

This paper presents an algorithm for the microgrid planning as an alternative to the co-optimization of generation and transmission expansion planning in electric power systems. The integration of microgrids in distribution systems will offer a decentralized control of local resources for satisfying the network reliability and the power quality required by local loads. The objective in this pap...