While machine translation is sometimes sufficient for conveying information across language barriers, many scenarios still require precise human-quality translation that MT is currently unable to deliver. Governments and international organizations such as the United Nations require accurate translations of content dealing with complex geopolitical issues. Community-driven projects such as Wiki...

Researchers are of the belief that employee voice has favorable effects for both the employee and the organization. However, the effect of employee voice on creativity, and the process through which it influences creativity, has hitherto received little attention. This study aimed at investigating the relationship between perceived employee voice and creativity. Employees of three premier dairy...

We carried out a study on monolingual translators with no knowledge of the source language, but aided by post-editing and the display of translation options. On Arabic-English and Chinese-English, using standard test data and current statistical machine translation systems, 10 monolingual translators were able to translate 35% of Arabic and 28% of Chinese sentences correctly on average, with so...

This is an English translation of the paper “Über den Wertevorrat einer Matrix” by Rudolf Kippenhahn, Mathematische Nachrichten 6 (1951), 193–228. This paper is often cited by mathematicians who work in the area of numerical ranges, thus it is hoped that this translation may be useful. Some notation and wording has been changed to make the paper more in line with present papers on the subject w...

This paper reports upon a survey carried out among thirty-eight trainee translators who took courses on machine translation. The survey was conducted asking the sample of students to fill out a questionnaire both at the beginning and at the end of the MT course. The questions aimed at assessing the degree of knowledge about MT of the respondents and the opinions and impressions that they accord...

It has been claimed that human translators rely on some sort of literal translation equivalences to produce translations and to check their validity. More effort would be required if translations are less literal. However, to our knowledge, there is no established metric to measure and quantify this claim. This paper attempts to bridge this gap by introducing a metric for measuring literality o...

To illustrate the problem, see Figure 1, where a short Chinese sentence was translated into English by ten different human translators. Each came up with a different translation. This is a very typical example. Given any sentence of non-trivial length, a group of ten translators will come up with ten different translations. In fact, if presented with the same sentence the next day, they will co...

Increasingly, large bilingual document collections are being made available online, especially in the legal domain. This type of Big Data is a valuable resource that specialized translators exploit to search for informative examples of how domain-specific expressions should be translated. However, general purpose search engines are not optimized to retrieve previous translations that are maxima...