Neonatal jaundice occurs in nearly 70% of term and 80% of preterm babies. Management of jaundiced neonates often requires measurement of total serum bilirubin (TSB). Total serum bilirubin (TSB) is commonly determined by spectro-photometric methods by analyzing plasma or serum sample. Such techniques require drawing of blood causing pain and trauma to the neonate. In addition, there is a wide ra...

a carbon nanocomposite electrode has been designed by incorporation of montmorillonite nanoclayinto the carbon ionic liquid electrode for the electrochemical determination of amitriptiline . the surface ofthe proposed electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. the presence of ionic liquid asa binder is believed to be responsible for the electrocatalytic activity of the propose...

Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) has been reported on its effect to reorganize the sensory neural network in central nervous system, similar as observations traditional invasive stimulation.

TENS is a method of electrical stimulation which primarily aims to provide a degree of symptomatic pain relief by exciting sensory nerves and thereby stimulating either the pain gate mechanism and/or the opioid system. The different methods of applying TENS relate to these different physiological mechanisms. The effectiveness of TENS varies with the clinical pain being treated, but research wou...

Purpose: To determine the effect of high frequency Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) on viability of random skin flap in rats. Methods: The sample of this study was 75 Wistar rats. The skin flap measured 10 x 4 cm and a plastic barrier was interposed between the flap and donor site. After the operative procedure, animals of all groups were maintained anesthetized one more hour ...

bilirubinometer is somewhat more effective than clinical screening. If both transcutaneous index and clinical acumen were used simultaneously there would be considerably fewer false-positive screens. Discussion Previous studies evaluating the transcutaneous bilirubinometer have been carried out in Japan by Yamanouchi et al.,2 and in the USA by Hegyi et al.3 Hegyi et al.3 obtained a correlation ...

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non-invasive analgesic technique that is used to relieve nociceptive, neuropathic, and musculoskeletal pain. During TENS, pulsed electrical currents are generated by a portable pulse generator and delivered across the intact surface of the skin via the selfadhering conducting pads called electrodes (Fig. 1). Patients can self-administer TE...