Nowadays, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been used to treat major depression and migraine. Integrating transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalogram (TMS EEG) may provide beneficial information. This paper introduces the experimental design, experimental setup and experimental procedures to differentiate the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and witho...

BACKGROUND Transcranial magnetic stimulation with motor evoked potential monitoring is a non-invasive method for monitoring motor tracts during surgery. However, anaesthetic agents such as propofol and volatile agents reduce responses to single transcranial magnetic stimulation. We assessed an intravenous technique for anaesthesia to allow motor evoked potentials (MEPs) to be monitored using re...

Recent evidence suggests that lack of slow-wave activity may play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of insomnia. Pharmacological approaches and brain stimulation techniques have recently offered solutions for increasing slow-wave activity during sleep. We used slow (0.75 Hz) oscillatory transcranial direct current stimulation during stage 2 of non-rapid eye movement sleeping insomnia patie...

RATIONALE We recently reported on the efficacy of a personalized transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) treatment in reducing multiple sclerosis (MS) fatigue. The result supports the notion that interventions targeted at modifying abnormal excitability within the sensorimotor network could represent valid non-pharmacological treatments. OBJECTIVE The present work aimed at assessing wh...

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been used as a useful interventional brain stimulation technique to improve unilateral upper-limb motor function in healthy humans, as well as in stroke patients. Although tDCS applications are supposed to modify the interhemispheric balance between the motor cortices, the tDCS after-effects on interhemispheric interactions are still poorly und...

Objective: Stimulation frequency has been considered themost important factor in conventional repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for determining the direction of after effects on corticospinal excitability. Here, we examined the functional relevance of breaks during high-frequency subthreshold rTMS for the induction of facilitatory after effects. Methods: The after effects on c...

The diagnostic value of transcranial ultrasound for intracranial lesions in children with headaches was evaluated. From January 1995 to December 1998, 444 children with headaches for more than 2 weeks visited our Pediatric Neurologic and Neurosurgical Outpatient Clinics. A 2-MHz-sector sonographic transducer was used to perform transcranial ultrasound. Nineteen patients were lost to follow-up. ...

LOW-FREQUENCY REPETITIVE TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION MODULATES EVOKED-GAMMA POWER, EVENT-RELATED POTENTIALS, AND BEHAVIOR IN AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS By Joshua Matthias Baruth

The precise role of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) in attentional set activation is still not entirely clear. Hence, repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) can be applied to interfere with neural processing to determine whether a specific brain area is required in task performance. In this study, the influence of one session of High Frequency (HF)-rTMS of the left DLPFC...

Auditory verbal hallucinations (AH) occur frequently in schizophrenia; in 25% of cases, they are resistant to antipsychotic medication (Shergill et al., 1998) and can produce significant distress and behavioural difficulties. Low frequency (1-Hz), extended duration repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) could reduce excitability in the brain region directly stimulated as well as in...