There are few data in the published literature on sweat loss and drinking behaviour in athletes training in a cool environment. Sweat loss and fluid intake were measured in 17 first-team members of an elite soccer team training for 90 min in a cool (5 degrees C, 81% relative humidity) environment. Sweat loss was assessed from the change in body mass after correction for the volume of fluid cons...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of aerobic training under noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) on maximal oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]). METHODS Ten healthy young male volunteers participated in the study. Before the training, stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) were measured in all subjects under 0, 4, 8, and 12 cmH2O NPPV at rest. Then,...

BACKGROUND Resistance training (RT) is an intervention frequently used to improve muscle strength and morphology in old age. However, evidence-based, dose-response relationships regarding specific RT variables (e.g., training period, frequency, intensity, volume) are unclear in healthy old adults. OBJECTIVES The aims of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to determine the general ef...

Efforts to achieve progressive gains in strength and muscle size are encountered with plateaus along the way, in the form of a period of stagnation where muscles adapt to training. Trainers and coaches are finding ways to solve this conundrum and get back on the path to hypertrophy. Periodized training program is considered as one of the best solutions to overcome this training debacle. Periodi...

Efforts to achieve progressive gains in strength and muscle size are encountered with plateaus along the way, in the form of a period of stagnation where muscles adapt to training. Trainers and coaches are finding ways to solve this conundrum and get back on the path to hypertrophy. Periodized training program is considered as one of the best solutions to overcome this training debacle. Periodi...