OBJECTIVES We explored the relative contributions of declining sexual activity and improved contraceptive use to the recent decline in adolescent pregnancy rates in the United States. METHODS We used data from 1995 and 2002 for women 15 to 19 years of age to develop 2 indexes: the contraceptive risk index, summarizing the overall effectiveness of contraceptive use among sexually active adoles...

This study included (100) samples of women used Steroidal Contraceptive types in (Samarra General Hospital) (20) blood pulled from healthy as Control sample. The were distribted into three groups; the first group:- (40) a combined oral contraceptive second group: -(40) Combined injectable contraceptive. third was not contraceptiv (control). results indicated high significant decrease Concentrat...

INTRODUCTION Globally, most postpartum pregnancies are unplanned, mainly as a result of low level of knowledge and fear of contraceptive use especially in low-income settings. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of prenatal contraceptive counselling on postpartum contraceptive use and pregnancy outcomes after one year. METHODS Sixteen health centres were equally and randomly allo...

Unintended pregnancy is a significant problem with medical, social, and economic consequences. Half of unintended pregnancies are a result of no contraceptive use; while the other half results from contraceptive inconsistencies, or method failure. Women have an array of contraceptive options to choose from, each of which differs significantly in terms of usage, efficacy, side effects, risks, an...

This study investigates levels and trends in modern contraceptive use among married women in Malawi and explores differences by socio-demographic characteristics. The study uses panel data from the 2000, 2004, and 2010 Malawi Demographic Health Surveys (MDHS), employing multinomial logistic regression. Background variables include the characteristics of women, such as education, urban-rural res...

BACKGROUND The tubal occlusion contraceptive provides a hysteroscopic technique for female sterilization. Efficacy of the tubal occlusion contraceptive relies on proper placement within the proximal aspect of the fallopian tubes. As long-term data become available, rates of complications are better defined. CASE This is a case of a patient who underwent placement of a tubal occlusion contrace...

This article interrogates the modes by which cultural constructions of male contraceptive use emerge in Costa Rica by analyzing men's narratives of vasectomy. Drawing on ethnographic research data, I examine men's contraceptive decision making and perspectives on vasectomy and specify the ways they work through their vasectomy to rearticulate the relationship between masculinity and contracepti...

OBJECTIVES The medicalization and clinic-based distribution of contraceptive methods have been criticized as barriers to increasing levels of contraceptive use in Nigeria and other settings; however, our understanding of how clients themselves perceive the contraceptive method decision-making process is very limited. METHODS Focus group discussions among men and women in Ibadan and Kaduna, Ni...

BACKGROUND Despite the widespread use of highly effective contraceptive methods in France, one in every three pregnancies is unintended, of which 65% occur while using contraceptives. In the USA, 49% of pregnancies are unintended, half of which result from contraceptive failure. This study provides estimates of method-specific failure rates among French women. METHODS We use data from the 200...