Validation has become a primary driver of the evolution of toxicological methods. Agreement at OECD level currently requires validation of new approaches for consideration in test guideline development. Several examples of this exist. However, the toxicology in the 21(st) century movement, prompted by the 2007 NRC/NAS vision document, might lead to a revolutionary change in the toxicological to...

In the nineteenth century toxicologists participated as experts in criminal poisoning trials and wrote reports at the request of judges and lawyers. In court, they were expected to provide expert advice to lay audiences (juries, judges, lawyers) and, as their conclusions could be decisive in establishing the final verdict, their reports had to be written in a way that was comprehensible to “the...

The principles and procedures employed in a modern forensic toxicology lab are detailed in this review. Aspects of Behavioral and Postmortem toxicology, including certification of analysts and accreditation of labs, chain of custody requirements, typical testing services provided, rationale for specimen selection, and principles of quality assurance are discussed. Interpretation of toxicology r...

Resin-based dental restorative materials are extensively used today in dentistry. However, significant concerns still remain regarding their biocompatibility. For this reason, significant scientific effort has been focused on the determination of the molecular toxicology of substances released by these biomaterials, using several tools for risk assessment, including exposure assessment, hazard ...

asia accommodates half of the population of the world, which is young and still growing. infrastructures are rapidly developing and its gaps with higher income countries are narrowing. despite the fact that science in asia pacific region is expanding fast, medical toxicology is one of the scientific fields which are still lacking in this region (1). establishment of asia pacific association of ...

background:death due to acute poisoning is of medical, legal and social significance. this study was designed to investigate lethal poisonings among dead bodies referred to a regional office of iranian legal medicine organization (ilmo). methods:this was a retrospective descriptive-analytical study on dead bodies referred to fars province regional office of ilmo in shiraz, iran, during april 20...

Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona (C.D.F., L.M.A., N.J.C.), Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas (J.M.M., C.D.K.), Department of Discovery Toxicology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, New Jersey (D.M.N, L.D.L.), Department of Biomedical Pharmaceutica...