the toxicity of chlorpyrifos to three iranian populations of two-spotted spider mite, collected from isfahan (isr), yazd (yz) and guilan (gus2) provinces were surveyed using the residual contact vial bioassay. the bioassay results showed that resistance ratios of isr and yz populations were 176.90 and 9.78 fold compared to the gus2 population, respectively. determination of esterase and glutath...

Private consumers and professionals may experience acute inhalation toxicity after inhaling aerosolized impregnation products. The distinction between toxic and non-toxic products is difficult to make for producers and product users alike, as there is no clearly described relationship between the chemical composition of the products and induction of toxicity. The currently accepted method for d...

An experimental tumor model system has been designed to permit quantitative study of the growth of a solid tumor and its métastasesand quantitative study of the response of this tumor and its métastasesto chemotherapy. The Lewis lung carcinoma was transplanted i.m., and tumor growth was followed by serial diameter measurements; these data were then converted to tumor weight by means of a dete...

Mycotoxins are toxic metabolites produced by fungi. To mitigate mycotoxins in food or feed, biotransformation is an emerging technology in which microorganisms degrade toxins into non-toxic metabolites. To monitor deoxynivalenol (DON) biotransformation, analytical tools such as ELISA and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) are typically used. However, these tech...

Abrin, one of most potent toxins known to man, is derived from the rosary pea (jequirity pea), Abrus precatorius and is a potential bioterror weapon. The temperature and pH stability of abrin was evaluated with an in vitro cell free translation (CFT) assay, a Vero cell culture cytotoxicity assay, and an in vivo mouse bioassay. pH treatment of abrin had no detrimental effect on its stability and...

BACKGROUND Bioassays are routinely used to evaluate the toxicity of test agents. Experimental designs for bioassays are largely encompassed by fixed effects linear models. In toxicogenomics studies where DNA arrays measure mRNA levels, the tissue samples are typically generated in a bioassay. These measurements introduce additional sources of variation, which must be properly managed to obtain ...

In this study, search for new mosquitocidal bacterium was attempted from the gut content of fresh water fish Clarias batrachus (walking cat fish) which resulted in isolation a highly potential bacterium. The isolate identified as Bacillus cereus VCRC 641 by species specific molecular markers ilvD, pur and pycA gene sequence analysis. Laboratory mosquito larval toxicity assay (bioassay) against ...