BackgroundTourette syndrome is characterized by chronic motor and vocal tics. There preliminary evidence of benefit from cannabis products containing Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) that coadministration cannabidiol (CBD) improves the side-effect profile safety.MethodsIn this double-blind, crossover trial, participants with severe Tourette were randomly assigned to a 6-week treatment period escal...

Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is a clinically heterogeneous disorder with poor known pathophysiology. Recent neuropathological and structural neuroimaging data pointed to the dysfunction of cortico-basal ganglia networks. Nonetheless, it is not clear how these structural changes alter the functional activity of the brain and lead to heterogeneous clinical expressions of the syndrome. The objec...

The blink reflex and it's recovery cycle were studied in 26 patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome and 10 controls. There was a significant increase in the mean duration of the R2 response. The amplitude of the R2 response following paired shocks (mean R2[T]/R2[C]%) was 11%, 40% and 52% of the conditioning stimulus with intervals of 200 ms, 500 ms and 1 second in the patients, compared wi...

OBJECTIVE Many neuropsychiatric disorders involve abnormal attentional processing. Systematic investigations of how attention may affect tic frequency in Tourette syndrome are lacking. METHOD Patients performed rhythmic finger movements, approximately once every 2 s. Each movement triggered a unique visual color stimulus. Patients were asked to monitor and remember their finger actions, the e...

Tetrabenazine is used in the treatment of chorea, tardive dyskinesia, tics, and dystonia. It rarely causes acute eyeball dystonia and the description of this complication in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is limited. We provide a description of an acute oculogyric crisis caused by tetrabenazine in a patient with severe tics. The patient had never developed acute dystonic reactions, although he ...

Biogenic amine metabolism in the central nervous system of 9 children with Tourette syndrome was evaluated by quantitation of their metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid by a gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric method. Homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethylene glycol (MHPG) were measured in CSF before and after oral administration of pro...

This study explored the hypothesis that Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome involves a disturbance in arousal modulation. The experimental group consisted of 20 unmedicated subjects with the Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome, and the control group of 20 subjects with chronic medical illnesses (haemophilia, von Willebrandt's disease and diabetes). There were differences between groups in the manner ...

The fifth version of the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5) was released in May 2013 after 14 years of development and almost two decades after the last edition DSM-IV was published in 1994. We review the DSM journey with regards to Tourette Syndrome from the original publication of DSM 1 in 1952 till date. In terms of changes in DSM 5, the major shift has come in the...

Studies of children with ADHD and Tourette syndrome, and their families, show that both the patients and their relatives are at increased risk for alcoholism, and other behavioral disorders. Defective serotonin metabolism has been implicated in all of these disorders. Platelet serotonin and blood tryptophan levels are low in the patients and both parents. Analysis of pedigrees suggest that a ge...