In this paper, the position-sensor less direct torque and indirect flux control of brushless dc (BLDC) motor with non sinusoidal back electromotive force (EMF) has been extensively investigated. In the literature, several methods have been proposed for BLDC motor drives to obtain optimum current and torque control with minimum torque pulsations. Most methods are complicated and do not consider ...

The position-sensor less direct torque and indirect flux control of brushless dc (BLDC) motor with non sinusoidal back electromotive force (EMF) has been extensively investigated. In this study, a novel and simple approach to achieve a low-frequency torque ripple-free direct torque control (DTC) with maximum efficiency based on dq reference frame is presented. The proposed sensor less method cl...

We examined the effect of a 3-dimensional stereoscopic scene on segmental stabilization. Eight subjects participated in static sway and locomotion experiments with a visual scene that moved sinusoidally or at constant velocity about the pitch or roll axes. Segmental displacements, Fast Fourier Transforms, and Root Mean Square values were calculated. In both pitch and roll, subjects exhibited gr...

We report a finding of spontaneous flow reversals of roll-like patterns in liquid gallium Rayleigh-Bénard convection. The vessel has a square geometry with an aspect ratio of 5, and a horizontal magnetic field is applied to align the rolls. The flow patterns were visualized by ultrasonic velocity measurements, and the processes of the reversal were clearly observed. The basic flow pattern obser...

In this work, two high order sliding mode observers under cascade form are proposed in order to estimate the important states and inputs affecting the lateral dynamics of twowheeled vehicles. The first observer is based on a vision system and is used to estimate the lateral velocity of the vehicle. This velocity is considered as an additional measure for the second observer which is designed to...

The visual-vestibular conflict theory asserts that visual-vestibular conflicts reduce vection and that vection strength is reduced with an increasing discrepancy between actual and expected vestibular activity. Most studies support this theory, although researchers have not always accepted them. To ascertain the conditions under which the theory of the visual-vestibular conflict can be applied,...

This paper describes an analog computer simulation of a manned orbital docking system conducted as a fe~sibility study. In addition to determining the possibility of a human operator performing guidance and attitude control functions with a minimum amount of displayed information, additional purposes of the study were to determine (1) terminal values of range rate, line-of-sight (LOS) angle, LO...

To investigate the neural mechanisms that humans use to process the ambiguous force measured by the otolith organs, we measured vestibuloocular reflexes (VORs) and perceptions of tilt and translation. One primary goal was to determine if the same, or different, mechanisms contribute to vestibular perception and action. We used motion paradigms that provided identical sinusoidal inter-aural otol...

The aim of this paper is to present an analytical solution for the spin motion equations of spin-stabilized satellite considering only the influence of solar radiation torque. The theory uses a cylindrical satellite on a circular orbit and considers that the satellite is always illuminated. The average components of this torque were determined over an orbital period. These components are substi...