Introduction: Anal fissures are small tears in the lining skin of the anus presenting with typical symptoms of pain and bleeding during defecation. Several new forms of medicines such as glyceryle trinitrate (GTN) ointments and diltiazem, a calcium channel-blocking agent, have been recently used for the treatment of these fissures. Diltiazem relaxes the muscle of anal sphincter and consequently...

The present work aims at developing mucoahesive tablets of ondansetron hydrochloride using bioadhesive polymers like carbopol-934, sodium alginate and gelatin. Tablets prepared by direct compression using different polymer with varying ratio were evaluated for hardness, friability, uniformity of weight, disintegration time, microenvironmental pH, bioadhesion and in vitro release. Hardness, fria...

BACKGROUND Systemic and topical antimicrobials are effective in the treatment of inflammatory acne vulgaris; however, widespread use of these agents is becoming increasingly associated with the emergence of resistant pathogens raising concerns about microorganism resistance and highlighting the need for alternative nonantimicrobial agents for the treatment of acne. Nicotinamide gel provides pot...

Background and objectives: Plants are usually used for treatment of different diseases according to their traditional application. The use of the plant based medications is increasingly becoming popular all over the world. Traditional herbal medicines should be transformed into new forms to make better acceptance and more comfortable use by patients. The aim of the present stud...

The in vitro fluoride uptake by dental enamel from two conventional acidulated phosphate fluoride gels was compared to a thixotropic acidulated phosphate fluoride gel. The fluoride concentration and enamel biopsy depths were determined using an acid-etch biopsy method based on calcium determinations. A significant fluoride uptake by dental enamel from a thixotropic topical fluoride agent follow...

Purpose: This report gives findings from an (ongoing) Phase 1b, escalating dose, clinical trial, assessing the safety and tolerability of VT30 Topical Gel as a treatment for venous, lymphatic mixed venolymphatic lesions skin (VM, LM VLM, respectively), driven by inappropriate activation intracellular PI3K. Methods: After giving informed consent completing screening evaluations that included con...

Background: Topical retinoid based combinations are recommended to enhance the outcome of acne treatment. Adapalene-benzoyl peroxide (BPO) combination gel was approved in 2009 for acne treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of adapalene 0.1%-benzoyl peroxide 2.5% combination gel compared to adapalene 0.1% gel monotherapy and benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel mono...

background: topical anesthesia has been widely advocated as an important component of atraumatic administration of intraoral local anesthesia. the aim of this study was to use direct observation of children’s behavioral pain reactions during local anesthetic injection using cotton-roll vibration method compared with routine topical anesthesia. materials and methods: forty-eight children partici...

In vivo enamel fluoride (F) uptake as a function of time after a single application of a new topical APF gel, MinuteGelTM (gel A) , was compared to a control APF gel, Nupro ® (gel B). The retained F in enamel after different post-treatment intervals also was assessed. Forty orthodontic patients aged 10-16 with four premolars scheduled for extraction were divided into two subgroups according to ...