Novel microelectronic devices have to be smaller and faster than the traditional ones and be more efficient in order to reduce power consumption of future integrated electronic circuits. A promising alternative to the charge degree of freedom currently used in MOSFET switches is to take into account the spin degree of freedom. The spin of an electron can change its orientation to opposite very ...

This paper addresses the issue of optimal redundancy allocation in hybrid structure large binary systems. Two aspects optimization are considered: (1) maximizing reliability system under cost constraint, and (2) obtaining necessary at a minimum cost. The complex considered this work is composed many subsystems with redundant structure. To cover most cases encountered practice, following kinds a...

Abstract Herein we report variation in Tunnelling magneto resistance (TMR) of TM-porphyrin against increase d electrons from n=1 to 8; as the transition metal changes across periodic table Sc Ni. We observed that highest value TMR is for 5 system becomes gigantic (10 22 ) at equilibrium and on either side it need apply certain amount energy reach appreciable TMR. An even-odd oscillation number ...

– We present detailed measurements of the differential resistance (dV/dI) of stateof-the-art FM/AlOx/FM magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) as a function of applied bias and temperature. Temperature effects are particularly significant in physical quantities involving narrow features such as those at low-voltage bias. We show that the temperature evolution of the tunneling characteristics and, in p...

[1] The continuous 1992–2005 data set of the TOPEXMicrowave Radiometer (TMR) has been reprocessed to provide global, zonal, and regional scale histories of overocean integrated water vapor (IWV) and cloud liquid water (CLW). Results indicate well-defined trends in IWVon global and hemisphere scales, with values of 1.8 ± 0.4%/decade (60 S– 60 N), 2.4 ± 0.4%/decade (0–60 N), and 1.0 ± 0.5%/decade...

Ballistic spin polarized transport through diluted magnetic semiconductor single and double barrier structures is investigated theoretically using a two-component model. The tunneling magnetoresistance ~TMR! of the system exhibits oscillating behavior when the magnetic field is varied. An interesting beat pattern in the TMR and spin polarization is found for different nonmagnetic semiconductor/...

The Landauer-Büttiker formalism combined with the tight-binding transfer matrix method is used to describe the results of recent experiments: the high tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) in (Ga,Mn)As-based trilayers and highly polarized spin injection in p-(Ga,Mn)As/n-GaAs Zener diode. For both TMR and Zener spin current polarization, the calculated values agree well with those observed experimen...

Mitigating Single Event Upsets (SEU) in combinatorial logic is conventionally accomplished through redundancy based Radiation Hardening By Design (RHBD) methods such as Triple Module Redundancy (TMR). A hardening technique based on residue arithmetic codes (RAC) is proposed as a lower overhead alternative for detecting and correcting SEUs in arithmetic logic units. Simulations and analyses at t...

T-2 toxin was rapidly converted in the 9,000 X g supernatant fraction of rat liver homogenate into HT-2 toxin, T-2 tetraol, and two unknown metabolites designated as TMR-1 and TMR-2. TMR-1 was characterized as 4-deacetylneosolaniol (15-acetoxy-3 alpha, 4 beta, 8 alpha-trihydroxy-12,13-epoxytrichothec-9-ene) by spectroscopic analyses. Since the same metabolites were also obtained from HT-2 toxin...

A new retrieval technique has been developed which resolves some of the vertical structure of lower tropospheric water vapor over Oceans from space. 'The relationship is demonstrated by comparisons between direct measurements of the water vapor profile, by radiosondes, and coincident estimates of the horizontal turbulence structure of Integrated Water Vapor, wing the TOPEX Microwave Radiometer ...