Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) degradation has been noted in the stunned myocardium of rodents after ischemia and reperfusion and is one proposed mechanism for the decreased left ventricular (LV) contractility in postischemic hearts. cTnI degradation has been best described after reperfusion of the ischemic myocardium. The effect of ischemia, independent of reperfusion, on cTnI breakdown has not bee...

The interrelationship among water-stress-induced abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the activities of several antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR) was investigated in leaves of detached maize (Zea mays L.) plants exposed to -0.7 MPa water stress induc...

Behavioral stress and aging are associated with an increase in vascular disease. This study determined the mechanisms contributing to changes in endothelium-dependent relaxation of isolated coronary arteries (300-350 μm) induced by exposure to 10 days of air-jet stress (2 h/day) in young (3 mo) and old (18 mo) male borderline hypertensive rats (BHR). Aging, alone, did not alter endothelium-depe...

Hypoxia underlies a number of biologic processes in which cellular migration and invasion occur. Because earlier studies have shown that the receptor for urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPAR) may facilitate such events, we studied the effect of hypoxia on the expression of uPAR by first trimester human trophoblasts (HTR-8/SVneo) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Compared...

Autophagy is being increasingly implicated in both cell survival and death. However, the intricate relationships between drug-induced autophagy and apoptosis remain elusive. Here we demonstrate that a tubulin-binding noscapine analog, (R)-9-bromo-5-((S)-4,5-dimethoxy-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-1-yl)-4-methoxy-6-methyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-[1,3]-di-oxolo[4,5-g]isoquinoline (Red-Br-nos), exerts a nov...

In hypoxia, mitochondrial respiration is decreased, thereby leading to a buildup of reducing equivalents that cannot be transferred to O2 at the cytochrome oxidase. This condition, called reductive stress, can paradoxically lead to enhanced formation of reactive O2 species, or a decrease in the ability of the cell to defend against an oxidative stress. We hypothesized that antioxidants would pr...

Expression of the LSC54 gene, encoding a metallothionein protein, has been shown previously to increase during leaf senescence and cell death. Evidence is presented in this paper to indicate that the extent of LSC54 expression is related to levels of oxidative stress in the tissues. Treatment of Arabidopsis cotyledon and leaf tissues with the catalase inhibitor, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, or with ...

BACKGROUND Sorafenib (Nexavar(®)), a polytyrosine kinase inhibitor, stimulates apoptosis and is thus widely used for chemotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hematological side effects of Nexavar(®) chemotherapy include anemia. Erythrocytes may undergo apoptosis-like suicidal death or eryptosis, which is characterized by cell shrinkage and phosphatidylserine-exposure at the cell surface....

Two simple, sensitive and rapid methods are described for the determination of albendazole (ABZ) in bulk drug and in formulations using N-bromosuccinimide as the oxidimetric reagent. The methods involve the addition of a known excess of NBS to ABZ in HCl medium followed by estimation of the unreacted oxidant by two reaction schemes involving the use of iron(II) and thiocyanate (method A) or tir...

AIMS Cyclophilin A (CyPA) is a pro-inflammatory mediator involved in oxidative stress-related cardiovascular diseases. It is secreted from vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a highly regulated manner. Extracellular CyPA activates VSMCs and endothelial cells (ECs) promoting inflammation, cell growth, and cell death. Recently, it was shown that acet...