In this paper, titanium–dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes (TNTs) are formed by anodic oxidation with a fluorinated glycerol–water (85% and 15%, respectively) electrolyte to examine the effect of fluoride ion concentration, time, applied voltage on TNT morphologies dimensions. For surface etching increases when amount ammonium added solution increases, forming nanotube arrays clear pore structure. At con...